2020 China geothermal energy development and utilization industry development

Multiple factors promote the development and utilization of geothermal energy

In recent years, the state has issued a number of policies and regulations to support the development and utilization of geothermal energy in China, and gradually clarified the important position of geothermal energy as a renewable energy in China's power generation and heating, how to efficiently use and develop geothermal energy is the subject that relevant departments have been thinking about.

In addition to policy factors, the development and utilization of geothermal energy is also driven by commercial interests and environmental factors.

(1) Driven by commercial interests based on tourism and agriculture

Hot spring tourism, agricultural planting, and municipal heating are traditional projects of heat energy utilization, and they are also vigorously developed projects in recent years. With the improvement of living standards, people are no longer satisfied with the basic attributes of geothermal energy "heat", and the pursuit of deeper values. Therefore, the development of geothermal energy should actively integrate cultural, biological, geographical knowledge, in-depth exploration of the natural charm carried by hot springs, people's emotional sustenance of hot springs and surrounding scenery, and geothermal energy can give products specific biological properties.

(2) Based on the pressure of air pollution, energy conservation and emission reduction

Geothermal power generation and geothermal refrigeration technology are one of the effective ways to solve the current haze problem, especially in the winter climate, the effect of water power generation is poor, and the haze is serious. However, in order to achieve a breakthrough in geothermal power generation and geothermal cooling technology, we must first increase the exploration of geothermal resources, fully tap the geothermal resources in areas with poor geothermal resources, and balance the distribution of geothermal resources in China as much as possible.

Geothermal resources are widely distributed and dry hot rock resources are abundant

According to the 2015 survey and evaluation results of the China Geological Survey of the Ministry of Land and Resources, the annual exploitable resources of shallow geothermal energy in 336 cities at or above the prefecture level in China are equivalent to 700 million tons of standard coal, which are mainly distributed in the southern part of Northeast China, North China, Jianghuai River basin, Sichuan Basin and eastern Northwest China.

The annual recoverable resources of hydrothermal geothermal energy in China's mainland is equivalent to 1.865 billion tons of standard coal (under the recharge scenario). Among them, the geothermal energy resources of medium and low warm water accounted for more than 95%, mainly distributed in North China, Songliao, Northern Jiangsu, Jianghan, Ordos, Sichuan and other plains (basins) and mountainous and hilly areas such as the southeast coast, Jiaodong Peninsula and Liaodong Peninsula, which can be used for heating, industrial drying, tourism, health and planting and breeding. High-temperature hydrothermal geothermal energy resources are mainly distributed in southern Tibet, western Yunnan, western Sichuan and Taiwan Province. The annual recoverable resources of high-temperature hydrothermal geothermal energy in Southwest China are equivalent to 18 million tons of standard coal, and the power generation potential is 7,120 MW. The cascade and efficient development and utilization of geothermal energy resources can meet the electricity and heating needs of about 50% of the population in western Sichuan and southern Tibet.

The hot and dry rock resources in China are mainly distributed in Tibet, followed by Yunnan, Guangdong, Fujian and other southeast coastal areas. In view of the difficulty of exploration and development of geothermal energy in hot dry rock and the trend of technological development, geothermal energy in hot dry rock buried in shallow depths of 5500m will be the key field of exploration and development of geothermal energy in China in the next 15-30 years.

China is rich in geothermal energy resources, but the proved rate and utilization degree of resources are low, and the exploitation and utilization potential is great.  The annual recoverable resources of hydrothermal geothermal energy in China is equivalent to 1.865 billion tons of standard coal. Buried depth 3000-10000m dry hot rock geothermal energy basic resources of about 2.5×1025J(equivalent to 856 trillion tons of standard coal), of which buried depth of 5500m shallow basic resources of about 3.1×1024J(equivalent to 106 trillion tons of standard coal).

The development and utilization of geothermal energy has become a national strategy, and the industry has gradually grown

In the process of human development and utilization of all kinds of energy, geothermal energy has gradually been paid attention to by all countries in the world. Since the middle of the 20th century, the exploitation and use of geothermal energy has become a key point in the field of new energy. The development process of China's geothermal energy industry is mainly divided into the following three stages: