2020 China geothermal energy development and utilization industry development

(1) Initial stage (1971-2003)

The successful drilling of the first hydrothermal well in Beijing Oxygen Plant in 1971 and the launch of Houhao Kiln geothermal power generation experiment in Huailai County, Hebei Province in February that year, opened the curtain of large-scale development and utilization of geothermal energy in China. At this stage, the development and utilization of geothermal energy initially received attention from the energy sector, individual regional decentralized development appeared, and the exploration and evaluation of geothermal energy resources were gradually carried out. In this period, the development and utilization of geothermal energy has not yet formed a large-scale industry. From the statistical point of view, the proportion of commercial geothermal energy in the final energy consumption is basically zero, and the relevant technology is still in the primary stage of research and development.

(2) Growth Stage (2004-2016)

At this stage, the development and utilization of geothermal energy showed the characteristics of scale and specialization, and the production capacity was gradually released, and a large number of representative enterprises began. Under the promotion of relevant industrial policies, the development of geothermal energy industry has entered the fast lane, and a series of qualitative changes have occurred: the scope of development and utilization has been expanded at different levels, the equipment has gradually completed the transition from small to medium and large, from rough to professional, and the pace of marketization and industrialization of technology research and development results has accelerated. In this period, China has rapidly grown into the world's largest direct use of geothermal energy countries.

(3) Rapid growth stage (2017-present)

With the introduction of programmic documents such as the 13th Five-Year Plan for the Development and Utilization of Geothermal Energy and the Clean Heating Plan for Winter in Northern China (2017-2020), the development of geothermal energy industry has entered the national strategic level, and industrial planning, industry supervision, technology research and development, and personnel training have begun to become formal, and the industrial scale has rapidly increased. A variety of operation models such as project-oriented, profit-oriented and technology-oriented PPP have emerged.

Geothermal energy is widely used in many fields, and the direct utilization of geothermal energy has achieved remarkable results

1. Geothermal energy is widely used

The utilization of geothermal energy can be divided into two ways: geothermal power generation and geothermal direct utilization. Among them, direct geothermal applications are mainly used in geothermal heating, geothermal industry, geothermal agriculture and geothermal medical treatment.

In recent years, the development and utilization of geothermal energy in China has accelerated with remarkable results. In the direct utilization of geothermal energy, our country has achieved good results; In terms of geothermal power generation, power generation technology maturity and economy need to be improved.

2, the direct utilization of geothermal energy is good, and the installed capacity of ground source heat pump ranks first in the world

According to the "China Geothermal Energy Development Report (2018)" data show that China is the world's largest direct utilization of geothermal energy, as of the end of 2017, China's installed capacity of ground source heat pump reached 20,000 megawatts, ranking first in the world; In terms of shallow geothermal energy utilization, in 2019, the heating (cooling) floor area of shallow geothermal energy buildings in China reached 841 million square meters; In terms of the utilization of hydrothermal geothermal energy, as of the end of 2018, the construction area of hydrothermal geothermal energy heating in the country exceeded 165 million square meters, of which Shandong, Hebei and Henan saw rapid growth.

3, the scale of geothermal power generation is small, and the development of geothermal power generation is stagnant

Compared with other clean energy sources such as solar energy, water energy and wind energy, geothermal power generation has a higher cost, mainly because the development and utilization of geothermal energy in China is in its infancy, and key technologies need to be broken through. At present, China's geothermal energy development is mainly concentrated in heating, cooling and shallow geothermal development, due to technical reasons in recent years, the development of geothermal power generation is stagnant, according to the data of the International Renewable Energy Agency, 2009-2018, China's cumulative installed capacity of geothermal power generation has been in the range of 24-26MW. There was no change from 2011 to 2018, and it is expected that in 2019, China's installed capacity of geothermal power generation will be about 26MW.

The development goal of the industry is clear, and the dry hot rock geothermal energy is the main direction of future development