High-quality development and utilization of geothermal energy

As a green, low-carbon, recyclable renewable energy, geothermal energy can be widely used in power generation, greenhouse planting, food drying, building heating and cooling and other fields. The recently released "High-quality Development of China's geothermal Industry" report shows that China's geothermal direct utilization scale has been ranked first in the world for many years, and by the end of 2021, geothermal heating (cooling) capacity has reached 1.33 billion square meters.

Geothermal energy is a treasure trove of potential. China's geothermal resources account for about 1/6,336 of the global geothermal resources, the annual recoverable capacity of shallow geothermal resources in major cities is equivalent to about 700 million tons of standard coal, the annual recoverable capacity of hydrothermal geothermal resources is equivalent to more than 1.8 billion tons of standard coal, and the amount of dry hot rock geothermal resources 3,000 to 10,000 meters underground is equivalent to about 856 trillion tons of standard coal, and the development and utilization prospects are broad. Compared with renewable energy such as wind power and photovoltaic, geothermal energy has a unique advantage in that it is not affected by natural conditions such as seasons, climate, day and night, and can form an uninterrupted energy supply. The average annual operating time of wind power and photovoltaic is generally more than 2,000 hours and more than 1,000 hours, and geothermal can reach more than 8,000 hours.

General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed that "the promotion of new energy and clean energy development should be placed in a more prominent position." Energy work under the background of "dual carbon" should not only ensure security, but also promote green transformation. Geothermal energy development and utilization has low environmental impact, high energy utilization efficiency, and good effect of energy saving and emission reduction. Under the background that China's energy consumption will maintain a certain growth and the dependence of oil and gas on foreign countries is high, vigorously promoting the large-scale development and utilization of geothermal energy has important practical significance and far-reaching strategic significance for better ensuring energy security and promoting the green and low-carbon transformation of economy and society.

Overall, China's geothermal industry has formed a certain scale, but compared with the "double carbon" target requirements, there is still a lot of room for improvement. For example, the key technical support for geothermal needs to be strengthened, and the installed capacity of geothermal power generation needs to be improved. To promote the high-quality development and utilization of geothermal energy, it is necessary to find out the family situation as soon as possible, and conduct an overall evaluation of the feasibility, suitability, total amount and intensity of development and utilization of resources, so as to avoid extensive development and utilization. At the same time, it is necessary to accelerate the transformation of geothermal energy related industries from a single, inefficient to a diversified and efficient development mode, promote the transformation of energy use from a single geothermal energy to "geothermal energy +", and shift the industrial chain from a single energy industry to the comprehensive utilization of tourism, planting and breeding industry and industry, and the development and utilization of geothermal energy echelon. For example, Yunnan and other places are exploring the use of surplus hot water after geothermal power generation to heat agricultural greenhouses, broadening the application scenario of geothermal energy, but also effectively improve energy efficiency.

Some geothermal resources in China are far from the energy consumption market, and many high-temperature geothermal resources are distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its marginal areas, and the development and utilization cost is high in the early stage, which requires strengthened policy support. The "Several Opinions on Promoting the Development and Utilization of Geothermal Energy" issued by the National Development and Reform Commission, the National Energy Administration and other departments put forward that governments at all levels and relevant departments are encouraged to introduce fiscal and financial policies conducive to the development and utilization of geothermal energy, and encourage and support enterprises to strengthen technological innovation. Overall arrangements, precise policies, and joint efforts to create a policy environment conducive to the development and utilization of geothermal energy can further activate the vitality of the development of the industry and make the development and utilization of geothermal energy hot.

Energy security and security are "vital to the country". The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is a critical period and window period for carbon to peak, and the task of energy development transformation is more urgent. To develop and make good use of geothermal energy, a rare and valuable resource, and actively build a diversified and clean energy supply system, we will surely be able to firmly hold the rice bowl of energy in our own hands, and continue to make new and greater achievements on the road of civilized development featuring production development, rich life and good ecology.