Sewage treatment skills of various types of work

Skills for each type of work

Due to the increasingly serious pollution of water resources, the role of sewage treatment is becoming more and more important, so what are the types of general wastewater treatment plants? What skills are required for each type of work in the field of sewage treatment?

1. What kinds of work are needed in sewage treatment plants?

The daily treatment scale of large urban sewage treatment plants is generally dozens to millions of tons, and the location is usually relatively remote, and the production, inspection and maintenance and various service positions are relatively complete, with their own system and clear division of labor. The main types of work are laboratory workers, machine pump pipe engineers, sewage treatment workers, sludge treatment workers, sludge dewatering workers, etc., auxiliary types of work are electricians, fitters, welders, turning workers, instrument workers, green chemical industry, cooking staff, guards and so on.

The daily treatment scale of small industrial wastewater treatment plants is generally only a few hundred to tens of thousands of tons, usually a link of industrial production, the treatment scale is small, the number of workers in the treatment plant is small, and the division of labor is not very clear. Sewage treatment workers are often responsible for pump management, sewage treatment, sludge treatment, sludge dehydration and other work, inspection and maintenance, testing and other service functions are undertaken by industrial production enterprises.

2, sewage treatment workers should master what basic knowledge

Sewage and sludge treatment is inseparable, sewage treatment workers to do "four understand four."

The "four understanding" is to understand the basic knowledge of sewage treatment, understand the role and management methods of the structures in the sewage treatment yard, understand the distribution and use methods of various pipelines in the sewage treatment yard, and understand the meaning and application of the analysis and laboratory indicators of the sewage treatment system.

The "four meetings" are: reasonable distribution of water and mud, reasonable scheduling of air, correct reflux and discharge of sludge, and elimination of common faults in operation.

(3) The standard of the "should know should know" level of sewage treatment primary workers

Knowledge requirements:

(1) Basic knowledge of sewage flow and unit conversion, sewage quality index CODcr, BOD5 and SS;

(2) the sewage treatment process, the name, use and mutual relationship of the structures and accessories;

(3) Sewage source and water quality, water quantity change law, effluent water quality requirements;

(4) sewage treatment safety operating procedures and post responsibility system;

(6) Basic knowledge of the name, performance, power, flow, head and rotation of the main equipment of sewage treatment;

(7) the direction, use and mutual relationship of the main process pipelines, the opening and closing requirements of various valves and the impact on the process;

(8) Basic knowledge of primary treatment of sewage and secondary biological treatment of sewage.

Skills required:

(1) Fill in the duty record correctly, timely and clearly;

(2) Collect representative water samples on time and at fixed points, and store them properly;

(3) Operation, maintenance and control steps of various process-related equipment and valves;

(4) can identify whether the primary treatment and secondary biological treatment structures are operating normally;

(5) Basic operations of water distribution, gas distribution, reflux and sludge discharge in the secondary biological treatment aeration tank;

(6) The basic operation of slag discharge and mud discharge of each structure;

(7) Master the basic operation of key equipment such as sand removal machine, mud scraper, spiral reflux pump, and mud discharge pump;

(8) Can use general testing instruments for observation and testing. (Paragraph from Vita environment 100,000 volts)

Application field:

1. Main application areas:

Living facilities field

All kinds of hot water boilers, central air conditioning, heat exchange system, home central air conditioning system, wall mounted boilers, etc.

Industrial general equipment

Air compressor, refrigerator, heat exchanger, cooler, etc.

Special industry applications

Food, pharmaceutical, wine and other industries of water equipment scale, descaling, magnetization, sterilization and algae to establish an environmentally friendly hydropower construction system.

2. Demand status:

From the perspective of sewage treatment equipment, due to the low technical content of domestic sewage treatment equipment, high-end sewage treatment equipment mainly relies on imports, and these imported equipment is mainly produced by large foreign water enterprises, such enterprises are large in scale, and the products are competitive from the brand and technology, and have high bargaining power.

Bargaining power of upstream suppliers

The upstream suppliers of the sewage treatment industry are mainly manufacturers of sewage treatment equipment and suppliers of sewage treatment agents. All belong to the industry with fast development and good demand.

Treatment agent:

There are many kinds of sewage treatment agents, the most commonly used is flocculant, flocculant can be divided into inorganic flocculant and organic flocculant.

Inorganic flocculant

Inorganic flocculants are divided into low molecular weight and high molecular weight inorganic flocculants according to the size of molecular weight.

Low molecular weight inorganic flocculant

The most widely used are iron series and aluminum series metal salts. The mainstream of the market are aluminum chloride, ferric chloride, ferrous sulfate and aluminum sulfate.

Aqueous formula of ferric chloride (FeCl3·6H20)

Characteristics: The formed alum has good precipitation, the treatment of low temperature water or low turbidity water effect is better than aluminum salt, the suitable pH range is wider, but the color of the treated water is higher than that of the aluminum series, and it is corrosive.

The molecular formula of ferrous sulfate is (FeS04·H20).

Features: The dissociated Fe2+ can only generate the simplest mononuclear complex, which is not as good as the trivalent iron salt.

The molecular formula for aluminum sulfate is Al2(S04)3

Features: It is the most used flocculant in wastewater treatment, easy to use, good flocculation effect, when the water temperature is low, hydrolysis is difficult, the formation of floc is loose, its effective pH range is narrow.

The action mechanism of Mingiso (Al2(S04)3·K2S04.24H20) is similar to that of aluminum sulfate.

Polymer inorganic flocculant

Inorganic molecular flocculant is the most mainstream inorganic flocculant with high coagulant effect and low price. The varieties of inorganic polymer flocculants can be divided into cationic type and anionic type according to different ionic degree

Cationic type: polyaluminum chloride, polyaluminum sulfate, polyaluminum phosphate, polyferric sulfate, polyferric chloride, polyferric phosphate, polyferrous and so on.

cpolyaluminium chloride (cpolyaluminium chLoricle) is a new type of mainstream inorganic polymer flocculant. Due to its higher efficacy than traditional inorganic chemicals in water treatment, it will be rapidly developed and widely used.

There are fewer varieties of anionic inorganic flocculants, and the more mainstream is polymeric silicic acid in 2013.

Organic flocculant

Organic flocculants are divided into ionic and non-ionic types.

Ionic organic flocculants can not only change the surface charge of particles, but also act as bridging chains to cause flocculation. Such as polyacrylamide (also known as 3 flocculants). Used to accelerate the rapid settlement of thickening concentrate. This reduces the water content of the concentrate and reduces metal loss.

Organic flocculants are generally relatively large molecular weights, usually tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands, or even millions, so adding a small amount can play a bridge chain role.