Synthetic ammonia carbon reduction path

b. electrolytic hydrogen: The use of electrolytic hydrogen to produce synthetic ammonia instead of coal to produce hydrogen, this technology has been mature, but due to the current high cost, has not been applied in the synthetic ammonia industry. According to our calculation, assuming that the industrial electricity price is 6 yuan per degree, the cost of electrolytic hydrogen to synthetic ammonia is more than 3 times that of coal to hydrogen. With the further improvement of the efficiency of electrolytic hydrogen conversion and the reduction of the price of new energy, in some areas with surplus renewable energy, the future cost of electrolytic hydrogen can be lower than that of coal to hydrogen. If the cost advantage is obvious, the ammonia industrial plant cluster may gradually transfer to this area, and the carbon dioxide required for downstream urea production can be obtained from the carbon dioxide captured by the surrounding high-carbon enterprises.

Ii. Inspiration for coal chemical enterprises

Turn crisis into opportunity, lock downstream demand in advance, and look for future business opportunities: Evaluate the demand changes of major downstream customers in a low-carbon environment, and find low-carbon growth points. In the face of new growth opportunities, analyze potential revenue to identify key development directions and develop entry plans. For example, the agricultural demand of the synthetic ammonia industry will decline significantly, and the impact of carbon emission reduction on future earnings can be reduced by entering the downstream fertilizer industry or alcohol and ammonia co-production.

Take the initiative in the production process and look for carbon reduction opportunities: To deeply understand the impact of the national carbon emission reduction target on the coal chemical industry chain during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, formulate carbon emission reduction target according to the current carbon emission situation of the enterprise, and formulate specific emission reduction measures at the asset level, calculate its emission reduction potential and investment return, that is, the economic benefit, investment cost, operating cost and corresponding risk estimation, and find out the most feasible and economical carbon emission reduction path. Coal chemical enterprises can proactively check and close low value-added product production lines, establish fine chemical production control capabilities through digitization, and upgrade to more mature emerging gasifier and fuel electrification technologies, thereby reducing coal consumption levels.

First, pay attention to the impact of zero-carbon transition on the whole industrial chain of coal chemical industry, advance layout: regularly track emerging technologies such as CCUS and renewable energy instead of coal to hydrogen, and accelerate small-scale pilot under the premise of conditions. At the same time, research and establish a number of future scenarios to predict the final form of the industry chain in a zero-carbon environment, and prepare for future product and service upgrades and business transformation.

Advice for policymakers

Policy makers should fully respond to the call of the central government, take the initiative to set local carbon neutral transition targets, and adopt the most suitable carbon neutral transition path according to local conditions. Local governments should resolutely implement relevant national industrial policies and relevant regulations on coal control and strengthen effective supervision. Should be based on the local environmental carrying capacity, gradually develop and promote the development of "coal and electricity integration", the formation of modern coal chemical industry as the core of the "oil and gas electricity" multi-generation model, explore the chemical industry and coal, metallurgy, power, textile and other industries integrated development, so as to improve industrial competitiveness and overall efficiency. We will phase out backward coal chemical products with low added value, vigorously develop the fine chemical industry, and reduce overall carbon emissions while improving the competitiveness of local industries.

At the same time, local responsibilities should be highlighted, performance evaluation should be strengthened, policies and measures should be improved, pilot experience should be explored, and enterprises and society should be guided to increase capital investment in carbon emission reduction technologies and zero-carbon industries. Targeted subsidy support is actively provided to carbon emission reduction investment with low economic efficiency, such as subsidies for enterprises to adopt new gasifier and coal-fired electrification initiatives, and preferential loans, green bonds or direct subsidies for enterprises that are qualified to carry out CCUS and electrolytic hydrogen production pilots. Guide capital to lay out core carbon emission reduction technologies at the macro industrial level, establish green industry alliances, expand scale effects, and reduce the marginal cost of enterprises using carbon emission reduction technologies. Enterprises are encouraged to actively invest in research and development of core carbon emission reduction technologies, so that they can go abroad and go to the world at the right time, and create a green "created in China" business card.