Thinking of China's green mine construction planning in the new era

3) Different scales: Large mines have obvious advantages in team, technology, capital and management, while small mines are at a disadvantage. Large and medium-sized mines should pay attention to comprehensive construction of green mines, not only pay attention to overall resource benefits and environmental benefits, but also pay attention to scientific and technological innovation, personnel training, system construction and other capacity building as well as related ecological industry development, while small mines should focus on environmental restoration standards. Combine their own characteristics to solve specific problems.

4) Different stages: New mines are "incremental planning" mode, equivalent to painting on a blank sheet of paper, to pay attention to systematic and forward-looking; Production mines need to adopt the "stock planning" model, the core is to optimize and upgrade the existing production technology and equipment, economic model.

3.2.2 Professional and technical

Green mine construction reflects the professional and technical requirements of many fields and disciplines, and has cross-border and integration. It is necessary to fully realize the important role of scientific and technological innovation driving in the construction of green mines.  It is necessary to fully realize that green mining and green mining are not only the application of high and new technology, but also the "source" of green new technology. The green mine construction industry standard puts forward specific qualitative and quantitative requirements for technological innovation from the aspects of innovation system construction, personnel training, key technology research and development, scientific research capital investment, and scientific and technological achievements transformation. In the preparation of the plan, it is necessary to attract relevant professional and technical experts to participate in the preparation of the plan, and more importantly, it is necessary to put forward effective and feasible concrete measures from the aspects of releasing the momentum of scientific and technological innovation and giving play to the drive of scientific and technological innovation.

3.2.3 Economic feasibility

Green mine construction should be considered from the economic dimension. From the green mine construction experience, the production mine after green upgrading and transformation, its total industrial output value and comprehensive utilization output value will be greatly increased, green mine construction is a short-term investment, long-term benefit. For example, Qinghai Duran Jinhui Mining Company, 90% of the annual profits from green mine construction, with their own practical actions to prove to all sectors of society: the development of green mining, the construction of green mines not only do not suffer losses, but also considerable profits. But in the short term, the construction of "green mine" needs to invest a certain amount of funds. At present, the mining industry situation is depressed, mining enterprises have a certain survival pressure, we must scientifically evaluate the reasonable cost of "green mine" construction, find a meeting point, not only to ensure the survival of enterprises but also to promote the transformation of green development of enterprises.

In the planning, the first is to carry out input-output analysis and overall budget for the projects and projects to be carried out, and make overall arrangements in time series according to the priorities; Second, for some small mines or old mines, research and introduction of "advanced applicable technology" that ADAPTS to the economic conditions and development stage of the mine, and promote the transformation and upgrading of process technology and equipment, rather than unbearable "luxury technology"; Third, while clarifying the development direction of comprehensive utilization of resources and circular economy, fully study the market, and consider improving resource and environmental benefits at the same time, there must be a certain economic benefit output as the premise. For example, Chengde vanadium titanium magnetite tailings have stable performance and high strength, which can meet the performance requirements of concrete aggregates, and can provide sufficient and lasting resource guarantee for Beijing green sand and gravel. In some mines with the same resource conditions, but the location conditions and market demand conditions are not very superior, the tailings sand making project is not economically feasible to a certain extent.

3.2.4 Circulatory system

The construction of green mine is a systematic project, and the construction of green mine is to build the circular economy of mine. The construction of green mine should change the mining enterprises from a single mining mode to a diversified, comprehensive resource development and utilization industry chain development mode. First, it is necessary to establish the concept of circular economy, considering the strengthening of green mining, comprehensive utilization of resources, mining geological environment management +, coupling between multiple production systems or links, so that material and energy multi-level utilization, waste resources and products, waste heat and waste gas energy, forming a multi-level closed-circuit cycle without waste and pollution-free industrial system; Second, it is necessary to establish the concept of comprehensive regulation of "mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes and grasses", change the previous narrow concept of land reclamation in mining areas, and through the process of "geomorphic remodeling, soil reconstruction, vegetation reconstruction, landscape reproduction, biodiversity reorganization and protection" from the perspective of "mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes and grasses" life community. To realize the "overall protection, systematic restoration and comprehensive management" of the ecological environment in the mining area and the surrounding area.