Land reclamation planning

In fact, land reclamation is also facing challenges, for example, various departments have their own plans, land reclamation planning schemes ignore landscape protection and so on. Therefore, multiple departments should be able to combine multiple plans to form a unified spatial planning; In the reclamation design, consider the connection of underground water network; In the planning, strengthen the idea of mining enterprises to protect the landscape; In the project management, the concept of risk management is introduced.

It is still a long way to go to solve the land ecological problem

The Chinese government attaches great importance to land reclamation and ecological and environmental improvement. It calls for accelerating the construction of a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society, and gives prominence to the construction of ecological civilization. Building a beautiful homeland with blue sky, green land and clean water is an important goal pursued by the Chinese Dream.

China is the first country in the world to develop and utilize coal resources, and is also the largest coal producer and consumer in the world. In the future, although the proportion of coal in the primary energy consumption structure will decline, the energy resource conditions of rich coal, lack of oil and less gas determine that coal is still the biggest support for China's energy. Therefore, promoting the safe and efficient mining and clean and efficient utilization of coal, improving the development and utilization efficiency of coal resources, promoting land reclamation and ecological restoration in mining areas, maintaining the balance of regional ecological environment, and realizing the coordinated development of coal resources development, regional economic society and ecological environmental protection are of great significance to China's energy revolution.

The land subsidence, arable land loss, building damage and environmental problems caused by coal mining are the major challenges that the coal industry must face in the process of sustainable development. The Chinese government attaches great importance to this and has promulgated and implemented a series of laws and regulations in terms of system construction, gradually improving and perfecting the legal system of land reclamation in mining areas. In engineering practice, the ecological effect of coal gangue greening has been studied and great progress has been made. In the aspect of land reclamation in coal mining area, the technology of comprehensive monitoring and prediction of ecological environment damage of coal mine land, dynamic pre-reclamation technology of high and shallow water mining collapse, non-covering greening and soil improvement technology of coal gangue mountain with soil cultivation and planting as the core have been developed and widely applied. In terms of circular economy, it has formed an integrated development model of coal, electricity, chemical, land, port and aviation represented by Shenhua Group, built a large number of coal circular economy industrial parks represented by Datong Tashan Coal Mine, and built a demonstration zone for comprehensive utilization of coal and gas communist resources represented by Jincheng mining area.

Although the research and practice of land reclamation and ecological restoration have made a series of significant progress, it still needs a difficult long-term process to completely solve the problems of land collapse, coal gangue discharge, soil erosion, and ecological environment destruction. To this end, firstly, it is necessary to promote the integrated development of resources development and environment, run the concept of green mining and ecological mine construction through the whole process of coal resource development and utilization, according to the ecological content and hydrogeological conditions of the region where the coal is located, start from the source control of coal resource development, and change the end treatment to the whole process management. To achieve clean production, recycling and zero emission of pollutants, increase the treatment of coal mining subsidence areas and the construction of environmental engineering, so that coal resources mining, treatment of subsidence areas and environmental engineering construction into one. Second, it is necessary to follow the inherent laws of ecological environment, combined with the characteristics of regional natural ecological geographical environment, scientific development of ecological environment planning in mining areas, in accordance with the principle of local conditions to implement ecological environment management and restoration projects in mining areas, promote the coordinated development of coal mining and ecological environment, select key mining areas to carry out demonstration and pilot work. Give full play to the leading and radiating role of demonstration and pilot enterprises. Third, we should give full play to the role of coal enterprises as the main body of innovation, support coal enterprises to strengthen the engineering geology of coal mining, mining rich rock control, groundwater runoff, environmental protection of the basic theory and method of research, focus on the efficient and safe intensive development of coal mines, coal and gas mining, mining area pollution and environmental protection technology research, promote coal mine informatization and Internet of things technology. According to the situation of groundwater runoff and surface water in mining area, implement water conservation mining, protect water resources and ecological environment, study and formulate technical standards of land reclamation in mining area, and realize ecological reconstruction in mining area. Controlling land subsidence and environmental damage from the source of land reclamation in mining areas, promoting the innovation of land reclamation and environmental restoration modes in mining areas. Fourth, it is necessary to give full play to the main role of the coal enterprise market, rely on coal mining, focus on washing processing and transformation, and take the appropriate extension of the coal-based industrial chain as the direction, promote the development of coal power, coal chemical, coal building materials and coal logistics industries, improve the comprehensive utilization level of coal associated resources and solid waste, and promote the coordinated development of coal and related industrie