Land reclamation planning

The exploitation and utilization of mineral resources not only promote economic development, but also cause ecological damage and environmental pollution, and become an important factor restricting the economic and social development of our country. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, ecological repair and maintenance has gradually become an important indicator to measure social and economic development, and pollution control, land reclamation and ecological restoration caused by mineral resources mining are major issues in front of the whole society. In recent years, the research of mine ecological restoration has developed rapidly in China, and the work of mineral ecological reclamation has been gradually carried out.

At the just concluded 2014 Beijing International Seminar on Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration, experts and managers of industrial enterprises in the field of land reclamation and ecological restoration at home and abroad discussed the topics of technology, policy and practice of mine land reclamation.

Land reclamation "old debts are not paid and new debts are owed"

Land is the carrier of all resources and environment. The task of arable land protection in China is very heavy and the situation is very severe. The development and utilization of resources will inevitably lead to large-scale land damage. Strengthening land reclamation and ecological restoration is an important measure to rationally use every inch of land and realize the protection of cultivated land.

Our country attaches great importance to land reclamation work, and as early as 1989, the regulation of land reclamation was implemented. In 2011, The State Council promulgated the "Regulations on Land Reclamation", which further regulated the responsibilities and funding sources of land reclamation, especially the compilation of land reclamation programs into the mining license system, which greatly promoted the development of land reclamation work in China.

However, China's land reclamation is faced with the situation that can be said to be "old account not paid new account and owes". According to incomplete statistics, for a long time, in the production and construction activities, the artificial damage or damage of land accumulated about 130 million mu. With the continuous development of production and construction, about 4 million mu of damaged land is added every year, of which the land damaged by production and construction activities is estimated to be about 2.75 million mu, and the land damaged by natural disasters is more than 900,000 mu per year. 40 to 60 percent of the damaged land is arable. At present, the land area of reclamation in our country is about 30 million mu, and more than 100 million mu of land has not been reclaimed. If the damaged land can be reclaimed, more than 60 million mu of arable land and more than 30 million mu of other agricultural land can be added to the country.

In recent years, China's land reclamation work has also achieved some results - land reclamation laws and regulations have been continuously improved, relevant systems have been established, and the standard system has gradually taken shape. It can be said that China's land reclamation has a solid foundation for development from top-level design to institutional innovation and the formation of the standard system. Since 1989, a number of different types of land reclamation pilot and demonstration zones have been established across the country. In Anhui Lianghuai mining area, Henan Pingdingshan, Shandong Jining, Hebei Tangshan, Jiangsu Xuzhou and other places, there are the country's leading reclamation cases, covering the restoration of cultivated land, ecological utilization, construction utilization and other types, fully reflects the principle of land reclamation according to local conditions, some cases have also won international recognition.

However, due to our country's different ecological environments, the focus of economic development and the direction of development are different, the type of land reclamation and degree of damage is very different, there are still many technical problems that need to be solved urgently.

The Regulations on Land Reclamation lay down rules

On March 5, 2011, the state promulgated the Regulations on Land Reclamation, which absorbed the excellent experience of the pioneering countries and put forward many specific measures. For example, Article 11 stipulates that the obligor of land reclamation shall prepare a land reclamation plan in accordance with the land reclamation standards and the provisions of the competent resources department of The State Council, article 12 lists in detail the specific content that the land reclamation plan should include, and article 22 stipulates that the land and resources management department of the people's government at or above the county level shall prepare a special land reclamation plan within the county.

The Department responsible for land reclamation planning is the Ministry of Land and Resources. The Department of Land Protection is responsible for land reclamation, the Department of Land Use Management is mainly responsible for the reform of mining land, and the Department of Geology and Environment, the Department of Policies and Regulations, and the Department of Science and Technology are responsible for land reclamation according to their respective functions. The land improvement Center supports the policy and technology of the whole land reclamation.