Land reclamation planning

s. Promote the structural adjustment and transformation of coal, and improve the scientific level of coal industry development.

Gao Jixi, Director of Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection:

The transformation of mine ecological restoration to functional restoration

Staying in the green state is not an ecological restoration project, and it should move toward the restoration of ecological functions.

The concept of ecological restoration, in addition to mine ecological restoration, also includes land restoration, degraded sandy land ecological restoration and so on. However, the ecological restoration advocated by individual places has not achieved very good ecological effects, and some even play a role in ecological destruction, such as large-scale afforestation on the grassland. Large-scale afforestation in arid and semi-arid areas will not only fail to ensure the survival of saplings, but also aggravate the degree of drought when the scale is too large. There are many people who doubt that large-scale afforestation in the Loess Plateau will have a great impact on arid and semi-arid areas. Therefore, ecological restoration is not just about afforestation and reclamation.

At present, the most defined land reclamation is "the land that has been damaged due to production and construction activities or natural disasters can be used after taking remediation measures." The concept of ecological restoration should be more perfect than the concept of land restoration, and how to carry out high-quality restoration should be proposed.

In the past, greening was simply landscape restoration. Later, our country proposed to strengthen the protection of biological diversity. However, with the expansion of the mining area and the change of nature, it is far from enough to stay at this stage, and it is necessary to move forward to the ecological function restoration stage.

Why do we need to restore ecological functions after achieving biodiversity? Increased biodiversity does not necessarily mean increased biological services. According to the research report, the increase of biodiversity has a positive correlation with the increase of ecological functions. However, in most cases, the increase in biodiversity is greater than the function of ecological function supply, and the efficacy of the increase in biodiversity is not matched by the service function of the biological system. Conservation of biodiversity and restoration of biodiversity does not mean that ecological functions have been improved accordingly.

What is ecological functional restoration? Biological restoration is the overall re-establishment of a complete ecosystem, restoring its original function. With the gradual expansion of mine ecological area, it is not only the natural ecosystem that should be restored, but also the matching economic and social system should be taken into account. The current ecological restoration area is relatively large, can not deliberately pursue a specific state, but according to the mine damage in the region, location, ecological suitability to set the goal of ecological restoration, to consider the economic and social goals, including cultural functions, aesthetic functions and public feelings and so on.