Thinking on the construction and development of green mine in China in the new era

In terms of ecological environment restoration in mining areas, the goal of Western developed countries is not only to plant trees and grass, but to establish a complete ecological service system that can maintain itself and operate well. Countries such as the United States, Germany and Australia have embarked on ecological restoration of mining sites in the 20th century. The United States demands that farmland and forests be restored to their pre-mining status, and that water erosion and toxic deposition be strictly controlled. Maintain surface and groundwater levels at their original level; Pay attention to the prevention and control of harmful and acidic substances; Prevent sediment from causing landslides and other disasters. Since the 1940s, Germany has paid great attention to minimizing the damage to the ecological environment caused by mining. In these countries, the land after exploitation is prepared or planted for comprehensive reclamation, and pay attention to the macro consideration of ecological environment changes and residents' requirements. Australia attaches great importance to the introduction of new technologies for the restoration of abandoned mining areas, and land reclamation has become an essential link in the mining process.

3.2 Work experience in local mineral resources authorities

There are three tin and lead-zinc tailings ponds in Pupu Mountain, Huangtian Town, Hezhou City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, which have been idle for more than 20 years, and the soil erosion is quite serious, and there are risks such as dam break, flood drainage system failure, tailings leakage, and dust hazards. In order to promote the restoration of mine geological environment, Hezhou Municipal Party Committee, municipal government and natural resources department built and developed football town by developing ecological health industry and utilizing the site advantages of tailings pond. The Football Town will develop an international first-class football town with the goal of building a national football winter training base, a national aquatic training base, a youth football training base, a youth football teacher training base, a football management training center, a football culture promotion center, and a football industry economic promotion platform. To build an internationally renowned ecological health industry and leisure sports tourism brand. After the completion of the first phase of the Pupu Mountain Football Town project, it can accept more than 1,000 people for training and competition, and it is expected that by 2020, it will receive 5,000 athletes annually, and the added value of the service industry will exceed 2 billion yuan.

Guangxi Pupushan football town does not occupy arable land and forest land, fully utilizes tailings ponds, turns the original earth "scar" into a magic, effectively reuses valuable land resources, and realizes a win-win situation of economic benefits and ecological construction benefits, which is worth learning and copy and promotion by mineral resources authorities around the country.

3.3 Green mine construction experience of the enterprise

In the first and second batch of 220 national green mine construction pilot units, 187 pilot units have completed the green mine construction pilot task and reached the national standard, and have obtained relatively mature green mine construction experience. In this paper, the third batch of national green mine pilot unit, China Petroleum Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Fengcheng oilfield operation area, they have established a set of green management system in four aspects, such as clean production, resource conservation, digital oil and gas field construction, and establishing a good image of enterprises.

In terms of cleaner production, they are constantly promoting and applying new technologies. As the country's largest super heavy oil production base, in order to achieve efficient development, they vigorously promote SAGD technology research and industrial application, compared with steam huff and puff mining, this technology has the characteristics of small footprint, high production per well, and high recovery. In heavy oil mining, a large amount of sewage is produced every day. Due to the high silicon content and salinity, it cannot be used efficiently. Through the application of silicon removal and salt removal processes, the silicon content and salinity are greatly reduced, and the reuse rate of water resources exceeds 92%, which greatly saves clean water resources. In order to reduce the impact of mining on air quality, the sealing technology of conventional heavy oil mining has been promoted, and new technologies such as the upgrade of the standard discharge of the weight 32 fluidized bed have been carried out.

In terms of resource conservation, they reduce emissions and reduce consumption to enhance the efficient use of resources. In order to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction, they strengthened energy consumption control, and in 2017, they saved 519,000 m3 of water, 3.17 million m3 of natural gas, 24,326 t of coal, and 19.37 million kW of electricity. h. In order to ensure the standard discharge, strictly implement the pollution reduction plan, layer by layer decomposition indicators, compaction management responsibility, wastewater, exhaust gas discharge rate of 100%. In order to protect the land resources, in accordance with the principle of "one reclamation for one development", the temporarily excavated and occupied land should be reclaimed in time.