Thinking on the construction and development of green mine in China in the new era

With the 19th CPC National Congress as the symbol, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era.  Building an ecological civilization is a thousand-year project for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation." The 19th CPC National Congress gave prominence to the construction of ecological civilization and ushered in a new era of green development. Mineral resources development activities should actively adapt to the requirements of ecological civilization construction, in strict accordance with the spirit of the 19th National Congress, with new development concepts to guide the construction of green mines, and strive to promote the coordinated development of mineral resources development and utilization and ecological environmental protection.

1 Progress of green mine construction in China

1.1 Development history of China's green mine construction

In 2003, the scientific concept of development was formally put forward, which provided the ideological and theoretical basis for the formation of the green mine construction concept. In 2007, the former Ministry of Land and Resources hosted the China International Mining Conference in Beijing with the theme of "Implementing Scientific Development and promoting Green Mining". In 2008, the former Ministry of Land and Resources issued the National Mineral Resources Plan (2008-2015), which put forward clear requirements for the development of green mining, and established the strategic goal of basically establishing a green mine pattern by 2020. In order to fully implement the planning objectives and tasks, the former Ministry of Land and Resources issued the Guiding Opinions on the Implementation of the National Mineral Resources Plan, the Development of Green Mining and the construction of green Mines in 2010 (Land Resources Development (2010) No. 119), and put forward the basic conditions for the construction of national green mines, which marks the official start of China's green mine construction.

In 2017, the former Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Finance, the former Ministry of Environmental Protection and other six ministries jointly issued the "Implementation Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of Green Mines" (Land Regulations [2017] No. 4), which has taken a solid step for the construction of green mines in China from concept to practice. In April 2018, the Ministry of Natural Resources publicized green mine construction specifications for nine industries, including non-metal, chemical, gold, coal, sand and gravel, petroleum, cement limestone, metallurgy and nonferrous metals, which became the first national green mine construction industry standard.

1.2 Green mine construction pilot results

In accordance with the principle of "pilot first and overall promotion", from 2011 to 2015, the former Ministry of Land and Resources selected 661 mining enterprises in 29 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in four batches, involving oil and gas, coal, nonferrous metals, metallurgy, gold, chemical, building materials, non-metals and other industries, as state-level green mine construction pilot units. In the first batch and the second batch of 220 pilot units, most of them have completed the three-year pilot construction task, and 187 pilot units have completed the green mine construction pilot task, reaching the national standard.

In order to promote the transformation and upgrading of the mining industry and meet the requirements of green development, the pilot units have focused on reform and adjustment in reducing costs, improving efficiency, saving and intensive, improving the environment, and promoting the harmony of the mine site. First, promote "developing green mining and building green mines" to become the development consensus and pursuit goal of mining enterprises, competent authorities and industry associations; The second is to greatly improve the level of mining technology and equipment technology to achieve scientific and efficient utilization of mining resources; The third is to promote the ecological environment restoration in the mining area, and the land reclamation rate in the mining area is greatly improved; The fourth is to innovate the enterprise management mode, so that the mine construction direction is more clear, intelligent and scientific; The fifth is to strengthen the conscious awareness of mining enterprises to fulfill their social responsibilities, and pay more attention to the coordinated development of local economic construction in improving the employment environment, strengthening the construction of infrastructure and people's livelihood.

2 Basic conditions, requirements and standards for green mine construction in China

2.1 Basic conditions for national-level green mines

In August 2010, the former Ministry of Land and Resources "on the implementation of the National Mineral Resources Plan, the Development of green mining and construction of green mine guidance" (Land Resources Development (2010) 119) proposed the "National green mine basic Conditions", For the first time, the basic conditions for the construction of green mines are defined in nine aspects: "mine management according to law, standardized management, comprehensive utilization, technological innovation, energy conservation and emission reduction, environmental protection, land reclamation, community harmony, and corporate culture."