Basic conception of intelligent open-pit mine construction

1 One of intelligent systems: intelligent system of open pit foundation support

The intelligent system (as shown in Figure 4) is an important cornerstone for the construction of intelligent open-pit mine, which mainly includes the construction of network environment, hardware environment and software environment. Including supporting the construction and operation of intelligent open-pit mine big data information network platform, comprehensive database system, communication perception facilities, network transmission, data warehouse, application support, high-performance computing, mass storage, information security and all kinds of intelligent terminal systems and other basic security systems]. Network environment construction mainly includes data communication and network security; Hardware environment construction mainly includes data center, control and command center and office environment construction; Software environment construction mainly includes expert knowledge base, big data foundation and analysis platform. The intelligent system of opencast mine foundation support provides a full range of services for the construction of various business systems in the later stage to ensure reliable data collection, transmission, storage, application, etc. And with the construction of the smart mine business unit, maintain a certain advanced nature, so as to escort the construction of the entire smart open-pit coal mine.

2 Intelligent system II: Intelligent system of spatio-temporal evolution of open-pit mine

The whole life cycle of an open-pit mine can be summarized as various stages before, during and after development. All behaviors of open-pit design, production and management are nothing more than the dynamic development and change of three-dimensional space-time of an open-pit mine. Therefore, intelligent construction is first to build a visual and digital dynamic model of three-dimensional space-time evolution of an open-pit mine. Dynamic record and query, display the surface mine resources development and environment at any time of the three-dimensional space form, equipment and process system layout and operation status, production planning, construction and management and other economic and technical status.

The intelligent system for the spatio-temporal evolution of open-pit mines (as shown in Figure 5) can collect and display all relevant data of geology, survey, safety and production, etc. All information of open-pit mines can be queried and visually reflected through the spatio-temporal evolution model. Such as the backtracking of the historical production status of the open-pit mine and simulation mining, testing the pros and cons of the production plan, verifying the incompatibility between the project implementation and the production plan, etc., to form the basis for visual analysis and intelligent application of the mechanical and electrical equipment management, production plan and project management system.

3 Intelligent system III: open pit equipment and process intelligent system

Intelligent planning of drill rig, mixed explosive truck, electric shovel, dump truck, soil discharge machine and raw coal ground production system (including crushing station, belt conveyor, stacker and reloader, loading station), etc., mainly realizes the digitization and automation of equipment operation process, remote control of operation link and intelligent operation. To achieve the goal of reducing repetitive simple work of field personnel and reducing field operators. The Internet of Things collects the operating conditions of devices, analyzes the correlation and measurement among devices, and realizes intelligent functions such as identification, comparison, analysis, transmission and receiving instructions [74-80]. It mainly includes:

1) Intelligent mining equipment. As shown in Figure 6, mining sensors, artificial intelligence and 3S (GIS, GPS, RS) and other technologies are used to realize the intelligent and accurate operation of the electric shovel, and the correct and reasonable position of the electric shovel and the reasonable mining mode of the bucket are determined during the operation process. Accurately identify rock size and coal-rock mixed steps, and transmit geological data to the production technology center in real time to make reasonable plans for the next advance of the working face; When loading, it can accurately identify the position of the truck and the accumulation shape of the materials in the bucket, provide guidance for the hover position of the bucket, and ensure the full load rate of the truck.

2) Intelligent transportation equipment. As shown in Figure 7, 3S (GIS, GPS, RS), sensors and other technologies are used to realize the positioning of large transport trucks, assignment of working position, planning of optimal transport routes, automatic docking in soil discharge operations and other functions, and realize unmanned truck driving under simple road conditions. The intelligent belt conveyor is used to realize the automatic detection and distribution of coal samples, automatic detection of material particle size, and adjustment of crusher speed; Research on the application of high Angle conveyor (tape or chain plate) in open pit coal mine to reduce the transportation cost.