What kind of national mine Park do we need

Mine park is a specific space for people to visit and observe and scientific investigation, which mainly displays the mining heritage landscape, embodies the historical connotation of mining development, has research value and educational function. After more than 20 years of development, mine park has made remarkable achievements in our country, but there are also some potential problems. Under the new situation of ecological civilization system reform and global tourism, how to construct and develop the national mining park has become an urgent problem for the industry to study and solve.

What development stage has Mine park gone through in our country

In November 2004, the former Ministry of Land and Resources issued the "Notice on the declaration of National Mining Park", which marked a new step in the protection of mining relics and the management of mining environment. In 2010, when the second application for the national mine park was made, it was proposed to "build a characteristic mine park", which pointed out the direction for the construction of the mine park. Based on these two important events, we can divide the development of the National Mine Park into three stages:

I. Embryonic stage (before 2003)

The embryonic stage of China's mining park has successively experienced the treatment of abandoned mines and landscape restoration, industrial site tourism and geopark. Contemporary abandoned mine landscape restoration started relatively late. In 1950s and 1960s, China was in the early stage of economic development, and the research on ecological restoration and environmental protection was in its infancy. In the 1970s, China began to explore the reuse of mining abandoned land, based on the ecological concept of vegetation restoration, some mining areas began to try to use ecological landscape construction and environmental protection technology to transform mining abandoned land, mainly using the methods of backfilling reclamation and vegetation reconstruction to transform the ecological environment conditions of mining abandoned land, but did not pay attention to the protection and utilization of mining relics. After the 1980s, China began to pay attention to the protection and development of mining relics. In 1987, in the Notice on the Establishment of Geological Protection Areas (Trial), the establishment of mining site protection areas was first proposed. At the same time, with the gradual rise and rapid development of tourism, the management of mining abandoned land has been integrated into tourism and other contents, and then the prototype and specific practice of mining park have appeared, opening the stage of industrial heritage tourism. In 2000, the former Ministry of Land and Resources issued the "Notice on the application of National Geopark" pointed out that the "rocks, minerals, precious stones and their typical origin with special disciplinary research and ornamental value" as one of the main contents of the geological heritage landscape, since then, the mining heritage landscape is included in the geopark landscape. Although no specific concept of mine park was put forward in the initial stage, the treatment of abandoned mines, landscape restoration, tourism of industrial sites and construction of geopark provided a rich theoretical and practical basis for the birth of mine park.

Ii. Initial and Early Development Stages (2004-2009)

In 2004, the former Ministry of Land and Resources issued the "Notice on the Application of National Mining Park", which clearly proposed the concept of mining park for the first time, initiated the application and construction of national mining park, and in August 2005, reviewed and approved the construction qualifications of 28 applicant units such as Kailuan, Tangshan, Nanyang, Henan and Erguna, Inner Mongolia. It marks the beginning of the establishment of national mine park.

In January 2006, the Notice on Strengthening the National Mine Park further emphasized the need to do a good job in the construction of the national mine park, and proposed that the construction of the mine park should be closely combined with the restoration and management of the mine environment, and at the same time, all localities should carry out the restoration and management of the mine environment, in areas where it is necessary and conditional. It is necessary to carry out the protection of the natural and cultural relics of important mines and the construction of related service facilities, so as to organically combine the restoration and management of the mine environment and the construction of the mine park, and give full play to its greater comprehensive benefits. In 2007, the Work Guide for the Construction of China's National Mining Park, which has the significance of standard norms and practical guidance, was promulgated. At this stage, the development theme of China's mining park was mainly to show the effect of ecological environment restoration and management and mining relic landscape, supplemented by human and natural landscape, integrated with the function of mining science popularization education, and basically realized the functional standard of mining park, but the development form was single, and the characteristics of each park were not prominent.