What kind of national mine Park do we need

Iii. Characteristic Development Stage (2010 to present)

With the popularization of mining park development and construction in the whole country, the development mode of mining park based solely on tourism has gradually lost its appeal. In 2010, on the basis of the planning and construction of the first batch of national mine parks, the former Ministry of Land and Resources summarized the experience and shortcomings, proposed to build a national mine park with characteristics, and approved the qualification of the second batch of national mine parks. Since then, the mine park began to change from a single "tourist" or "science and technology" to "comprehensive" and "characteristic" mine park. The managers of the mine park also make a beneficial exploration of their own mode in the operation, and put forward the concepts of holiday-type mine park, old-age mine park, mining park cultural industry park, etc.

What are the difficulties in the construction and management of the national Mine Park

By the end of 2017, the former Ministry of Land and Resources announced four batches of 88 national mining parks (qualifications), mainly coal, non-metal and gold mining, type distribution is more concentrated. This is mainly due to the early development of industrial heritage tourism in these mining parks, which have relatively mature experience in mining environmental management and tourism development. At the same time, because these types of mines bring greater damage to the ecological environment during mining, the government also attaches more importance to their governance.

From the situation of the national mining park that has been opened, only 33 of the 72 national mining parks in the first three batches have been officially named, less than half of the total approval qualification, and 1 has been disqualified for construction. It can be seen that the construction of mine mountain park is difficult and there are many problems.

Previously, in the declaration of the national mine park, China only required that the local mining park management committee and mining heritage protection leading group must be established, and there were no specific requirements on the core issues such as the specifications, system and staffing of the institution. Due to the lack of specific laws and regulations or management methods for the protection and development of mining parks, various management organizations and management forms of mining parks have been established in various cities, including unified government management, industry management and entrusted management.

The construction of national mine park is a process involving many parties. The construction of mine park in China is generally the national investment of local supporting funds, the development of the main body is single, the participation of social forces is not enough. Due to the lack of capital investment, the detailed mine environmental restoration plan made by many mine parks in the declaration cannot be fulfilled, and the construction can only be simple greening, and the effect of repairing the mine ecology cannot be achieved. In addition, the construction of various popular science facilities such as popular science tourism routes and museum exhibitions in the mining park is also difficult to effectively carry out, and can not really play the function of protecting mining relics and popular science education.

The construction of national mining park needs to treat different wastes and environment generated by different abandoned mines. At the same time, in order to meet the tourism function, it has high requirements on art design and aesthetic. As of the end of March 2018, there are no research institutions and art design units specializing in mining abandoned land management, mining park planning and mining park landscape art design units in China, and few technical support units can really serve as mine parks. There is a serious shortage of professional mining heritage and mine ecological restoration investigation and evaluation institutions in various provinces, regions and cities, insufficient technical personnel engaged in mining park development and mining tourism, and insufficient management personnel and staff in mining parks, which brings adverse consequences to the construction and management of mining parks, resulting in various development activities difficult to achieve.

How to promote the health and scientific development of national Mine Park

The construction of national mine park needs the participation of many departments such as mining, tourism and environmental protection. Due to the different demands of different departments, it is easy to conflict between protection and development. Therefore, it is suggested to establish a national comprehensive management organization to ensure the construction and development of the mine park. Governments at all levels may set up permanent institutions such as the Mine Park Management Office (office) to supervise the development and construction, and provide necessary help for publicity and scientific research projects.