Thinking on the construction and development of green mine in China in the new era

5.3 Improve the legal and regulatory system to promote green mine construction

In order to fundamentally promote the construction of green mines, it is suggested that the current policy and mature experience of green mine construction should be fixed as legal provisions, which not only makes the construction of green mines legally reliable, but also provides a legal basis for improving related supporting policies. To improve the Mineral Resources Law and its supporting regulations and policies, it is necessary to improve the system and effectiveness of the formulation and implementation, and give full play to the guidance of the government and the enthusiasm of the market. On the one hand, we should draw wisdom from other industries and relevant foreign laws and regulations, carefully study and summarize, and determine the legal boundary; On the other hand, relevant competent departments should actively summarize the replicable experience, model and differences of green mine construction, and form a green mine construction standard system that ADAPTS to local characteristics and development. Governments at all levels, industry associations and mining enterprises should work together to gradually improve the green mine construction standards and norms differentiated by different regions, different mineral species and different resource endowments, and gradually form a complete, systematic, green mine construction laws and regulations system with Chinese characteristics that meet the requirements of green development.

5.4 Actively promote the application of new technologies in green mine construction

Scientific and technological innovation is the basic condition and key of green mine construction. First, we must actively change our business philosophy. Under the guidance of the concept of green development, mining enterprises should integrate the concept of market with the concept of environmental protection and social responsibility, vigorously promote the application of scientific and technological innovation and technological innovation achievements to build green mines, and realize the transformation of mining economy. Second, we need to continuously improve our ability to innovate. Enterprises should keep an eye on the frontier of mining science and technology, take the initiative to establish an industry-university-research integration platform with domestic and foreign research institutes and universities, and strive to build a first-class demonstration base for comprehensive utilization of resources. Third, we must make full use of existing policies. The State stipulates that mining enterprises shall be responsible for controlling and restoring geological environment problems caused by mines under construction or in production; The geological environment of mines and other historical problems left over from the period of planned economy or the loss of persons in charge shall be planned and restored by local governments at all levels, and the central government shall provide necessary support. The current policy provides a rare opportunity for mining enterprises to get rid of the historical burden and vigorously promote the application of new technology. Fourth, we should actively support the application of new technologies. Local governments and competent departments shall formulate special policies and allocate special funds to provide policy support and financial assistance for mining enterprises that promote and apply new technological achievements, including energy conservation and environmental protection, intelligent control and digital management. Strive to improve the level of comprehensive development and utilization of mineral resources, and achieve high-quality, efficient and rapid development of green mine construction.

5.5 Strengthen the supervision and administration of mineral resources development

In the mining of mineral resources, the role of resource development in protecting the ecological environment at the source should be highlighted, and the protection of the environment should be given priority. The principle of "whoever develops, who protects, who destroys, and who manages" shall be strictly enforced, and acts that destroy the ecological environment such as indiscriminate digging, dumping, and shooting shall be stopped. For enterprises that fail to fulfill their ecological protection responsibilities, supervisory and administrative departments shall have the right to prohibit their development activities. It is necessary to establish a mechanism for the government, enterprises and society to participate in the protection and supervision of natural ecology, and competent departments at all levels urge enterprises to carry out work in strict accordance with the implementation plan of exploration and mining through supervision and management before, during and after the exploration and development process, and control while mining. Establish the geological environment "double random - open" management system, strengthen the social supervision and government supervision of mining owners, establish and improve the geological environment restoration and management files and integrity files of mining enterprises, timely publicize the random inspection results, and include the random inspection results in the abnormal list of mining owners or one of the main contents of the list of serious violations. At the same time, the social credit records of mining enterprises are included, inter-departmental data sharing is realized, and credit constraints and joint punishment are implemented. Promote mining enterprises to adopt information network technology and intelligent control technology to build digital intelligent green mines. Using big data and cloud platform, research and development of mine environmental monitoring information system, so that green mine construction more and more efficient. For the illegal acts found in random checks, it is necessary to increase punishment according to law and regulations, form an effective deterrent, and enhance the consciousness of the mining rights holders to fulfill the obligations of mining geological environment protection and restoration.