Strengthen basic research to achieve high level scientific and technological self-reliance

We should steadily increase financial input in basic research, encourage enterprises to increase investment through various means such as tax incentives, encourage social forces to set up diversified investment such as science funds and scientific donations, improve the effectiveness of funding from the National Natural Science Foundation and its joint funds, and establish a sound mechanism for basic research investment that combines competitive support with stable support. We need to improve the system of basic research support for national science and technology plans, improve the mechanisms for organizing, reporting, reviewing and making decisions on basic research projects, implement differentiated and classified management and international and domestic peer review, organize and carry out collaborative research on major scientific issues, and encourage free exploratory research and non-consensus innovative research. We should strike a balance between the new national system and market mechanisms, improve systems for evaluating and incentivizing science and technology, applying and transforming achievements, and remunerating scientific and technological personnel that match the long-term cycle of basic research, and provide long-term and stable support to a number of basic research innovation bases, competitive teams, and key directions, so as to create a source of original innovation and a vanguard force for basic research. It is a general trend to increase the investment in basic research, and at the same time, it is necessary to consider the national financial resources, maintain a reasonable investment intensity, strengthen the performance evaluation of the implementation process, and ensure that "good steel is used on the edge of the knife."

Third, build a high-level support platform for basic research. For a long time in the past, China's basic research problems existed in the "two ends out" problem of finding topics from foreign academic journals, importing instruments and equipment from abroad, and then spending money to publish in foreign journals and platforms after achieving results. In recent years, China has made great efforts to build world-class science and technology journals, built a number of major countries, and made great progress in the construction of basic research support platforms, but there is still a long way to go to fundamentally solve the problem of "two ends and outside".

We need to work together to build a system of national laboratories with Chinese characteristics, establish research centers for basic disciplines, accelerate the development of special basic research zones, and advance the deployment of new information technology platforms for scientific research to form a strong backbone network for basic research. We need to make scientific plans and layout for major science and technology infrastructure that is forward-looking, strategy-oriented, and application-oriented, strengthen the supervision during and after the construction of facilities, improve the management of the full life cycle of facilities, and comprehensively increase the level of openness and sharing and operational efficiency. It is necessary to fight hard for the localization of scientific and technological instruments and equipment, operating systems and basic software, encourage scientific research institutions, universities and enterprises to carry out joint research, improve the level of domestic substitution and application scale, and strive to achieve the early realization of China's independent research platforms, instruments and equipment to solve major basic research problems. It is necessary to speed up the cultivation of world-class scientific and technological journals, build scientific and technological literature and data platforms with international influence, initiate high-level international academic conferences, and encourage major basic research results to be first published, developed and utilized in Chinese journals and platforms.

Fourth, strengthen the construction of basic research personnel. To strengthen basic research, in the final analysis, we must rely on high-level personnel. In recent years, China has deeply implemented the strategy of strengthening the country with talents, deepened the reform of the talent system and mechanism, and achieved remarkable results, but the team of basic research talents still has obvious shortcomings. Efforts must be made to build a systematic, high-level platform for training basic research talents, so that more basic research talents can emerge.

It is necessary to increase support for basic research personnel in various talent programs, train and employ strategic scientists, support young scientific and technological personnel to take the lead and assume heavy responsibilities, actively introduce outstanding overseas talents, and constantly expand the ranks of leading scientific and technological personnel and first-class innovation teams. It is necessary to clarify the evaluation methods and standards of how to "establish" after "breaking the four only", improve the differentiated evaluation and long-term support mechanism for basic research talents, give scientific and technological leaders greater rights of human and financial control and the choice of technical routes, and build an evaluation system that conforms to the law of basic research and the law of talent growth. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of scientific research style, adhere to the combination of scientific supervision and integrity education, deeply promote the management of scientific research style and study style, and guide scientific and technological personnel to abandon grandiosity and get rid of impetuous, and sit on the "bench". It is necessary to adhere to the road of independent training of basic research talents, thoroughly implement the "Middle School Student Talent Plan", "Strong Foundation Plan" and "Training Plan for Top students in basic disciplines", optimize the education system of basic disciplines, give play to the role of universities, especially "double first-class" universities, as the main force for training basic research talents, and strengthen the training of high-level talents urgently needed by the country. A steady stream of large-scale basic research reserves.