Chronology of events in the history of Chinese printing

869 Tang Yi Zong Xiantong ten years

Dongdu (today Luoyang) Beloved Temple monk Hui 礭 Mu margin re-engraved "law Shu".

Tang Xizong remained loyal for four years in 877

The almanac engraved by Tang Ganfu in the fourth year is the earliest printed almanac in the world.

In 883, Tang Xizong became neutral for three years

At the end of the Tang Dynasty, there was a Fan appreciation book shop in Chengdu to print and sell almanacs.

At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the "Mantra book" engraved and sold by the Bian family of Longchi Fang, Chengdu County, Chengdu Prefecture, is the earliest combined Chinese and Sanskrit book known in the world.

909-913 Five dynasties ago Shu Wu Cheng two years to Yongping three years

Daote Jing Guang Shengyi, engraved by Ren Zhiyuan, is the earliest printed version of Laozi.

921 years ago after five dynasties Liang Longde Yuan years ago

Later Liang has "Xu Yin Fu" printed copies for sale.

923 years ago, five years ago

The former Shu Shi Tan Yu engraved "Zen moon poetry collection".

932-953 years after the five dynasties Tang Changxing three years to later Zhou Guangshun three years

Later Tang Prime Minister Feng Dao and Li Yu played the engraving "nine classics". After four dynasties and 22 years. This is the beginning of the Chinese supervision book, but also the first grand engraving project in history. At the same time, it also engraved the "Five Classics" and "Nine classics"; Later, he engraved Tang Ludeming's "Classic Explanation Text".

Around 935 after Shu Mingde two years

Wu Zhao, the prime minister of Later Shu, spent his own money in Chengdu to print books such as Selected Literature, Beginner's Record, and Bai's Six Pieces, which is considered to be the beginning of "home carving" in China.

937-942 later Jin Tianfu two to seven years

In Qingzhou (now Shandong Province), some people sold engravings of the law called "The Prince's Judgment".

936-943 later Jin Tianfu period

Ming Dynasty Yang Shou Chen You "...... Jin Tianfu has a copper version of the "nine classics", which can be imprinted on paper and ink, and there is no way to write.

Around 939 after the Jin Tianfu four years

Wu Yueshu Yanshou engraved the "Mizha Sutra" and other Buddhist sutras, and personally engraved 140,000 copies of the Mizha pagoda.

947-950 Later Han Tianfu (Later Han extended to the Later Jin Nian title) twelve years to three years of Qianyou

Cao Yuanzhong carved "Diamond Sutra" and Buddha statues such as Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva and Great Saint Vishamun in Guazhou (present-day Dunhuang), below the above picture, with the words of crafters Lei Yanmei. Lei Yanmei is the earliest known engraver.

953 years after Zhou Guangshun

Wu Zhao, the prime minister of Later Shu, made a fortune of millions, ran a school hall, and engraved the Nine Classics.

Around 955 Zhou Xiande two years ago

He Ning, a writer in the later Zhou Dynasty, was good at short songs and melodies, and he would write his own collection on the board and print hundreds of volumes for others. This is the earliest record of a writer engraving his own work in history.

956-975 later Zhou Xiande for three years to Song Kaibao for eight years

Qian Hongchu (Qian Chu), king of Wu Yue, engraved the "All Tathagatai Heart Secret Whole Body Shiri Treasure Box Indoloni Sutra" and enclosed it in the Xiguan Brick Pagoda (today's Leifeng Pagoda in Hangzhou's West Lake).

956 Song Taizu Gander three years

Qian Hongchu (Qian Chu), king of Wu Yue, engraved 84,000 volumes of the Treasure Box Printing Sutras.

971-983 Song Taizu Kaibao four years to Taizong Taiping Xingguo eight years

Zhao Kuangyin, Emperor Taizu of the Song Dynasty, ordered Gao Pin and Zhang Congxin to go to Yizhou (present-day Chengdu) to supervise the more than 5,000 volumes of the Diao Tripitaka, known as the "Kaitreasure" or "Song Kaibao Magazine Shu Tripitaka". It took 12 years. It is the beginning of large-scale engraving of Buddhist sutras in Chinese history.

973-974 Song Taizu Kaibao six to seven years

The Song Dynasty Guozijian engraved "Kaibao new detailed determination of Materia Medica", the next year renamed "Kaibao Redetermination of Materia Medica".

974 Song Taizu Kaibao seven years

Qian Hongchu, king of Wu Yue, printed 24 kinds of Guanyin images with silk brush, totaling 20,000 copies.

975 Song Taizu opened treasure eight years

Qian Hongchu (Qian Chu), king of Wu Yue, printed the Buddhist mantra Tatu Buddha, and there are 622,000 volumes available.

981 Song Taizong Taiping Xingguo six years

"Taiping Guangji" was engraved in the first month of the sixth year of Taiping Xingguo, but because the content of the book was "not urgently needed for later study", it was not printed in time, and was stored in Taiqing Building.

985 Song Taizong Yongxi second year

The Prince of Song imprinted the Five Classics of Justice.

990 Song Taizong Chunhua first year Liao dynasty and eight years

Shang Sheng Jing Shukewen of Liao Dynasty, found in the wooden pagoda of Fogong Temple in Yingxian County, Shanxi Province, is an early engraved print with date records in the Liao Dynasty.