China's new energy and renewable energy development Program

As the foundation of the national economy, the energy industry is extremely important for social and economic development and the improvement of people's quality of life. In the rapid growth of the economic environment, China's energy industry is facing the double pressure of economic growth and environmental protection.

More and more countries in the world have realized that a sustainable society should be one that meets the needs of society without endangering the future of future generations. Therefore, saving energy, improving energy efficiency, and replacing high-carbon fossil fuels with clean energy as much as possible are the principles followed by China's energy construction.

China is the world's largest producer and consumer of coal, coal accounts for about 76% of commodity energy consumption, has become the main source of air pollution in China. Vigorously developing new and renewable energy utilization technologies such as solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy, geothermal energy and ocean energy will become one of the important measures to reduce environmental pollution.

China is the largest developing country in the world, with more than 900 million people living in rural areas. The shortage of rural energy and the low utilization level have seriously hindered the development of rural economy and society. So far, there are still 120 million people without electricity; 5-8% of the population does not have access to clean drinking water; About 70 million people live below the poverty line. In addition, due to the shortage of fuel in rural areas, excessive woodcutting of forests, destruction of vegetation, and deterioration of the ecological environment. In light of local conditions, vigorously develop and utilize new and renewable energy sources, especially converting them into high-quality electric energy, to provide lighting, television, water pumps and other power sources for remote, remote and island areas that lack electricity and have no electricity, to help these areas get rid of poverty and achieve balanced development of the rural economy and the ecological environment, which is of great significance to the realization of a moderately prosperous society. It is also an important part of the implementation of the "Eight Seven" poverty alleviation plan.

From the perspective of long-term energy development strategy, China must seek a sustainable development of energy road. New energy and renewable energy produce no or little pollution to the environment, which is not only a much-needed supplementary energy in the near future, but also the basis of the future energy structure.

The Chinese government has always been concerned about the development and utilization of new and renewable energy. After the United Nations Global Conference on Environment and Development in 1992, The State Council put forward 10 countermeasures and measures for China's environment and development, and clearly stated that "according to local conditions, the development and promotion of solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, tidal energy, biomass energy and other clean energy."

China is the first country in the world to complete the report on China's Agenda 21. In terms of scientific and technological research, demonstration and promotion, the national "Sixth Five-Year Plan", "Seventh Five-Year Plan" and "eighth Five-Year Plan" scientific and technological research have arranged new energy and renewable energy projects. However, because the amount of funds invested in this field is too small, and the actual need is far from, although the research and demonstration of a single technology has made progress, but the development level of new energy and renewable energy system technology is still a big gap with developed countries, and the intensity of capital investment is even worse than some developing countries.

China is rich in new energy and renewable energy resources, and has made great progress in its development and utilization, laying a good foundation for further development. Internationally, new energy and renewable energy technologies have received more and more attention and frequent exchanges. Therefore, it is necessary to seize the current development opportunities and formulate the "1996-2010 new energy and renewable energy development program, which will have a significant and far-reaching impact on the sustainable and coordinated development of China's economy, society and environment."

Current situation and gap

1. Overview of foreign countries

Since the 1970s, in view of the limited nature of conventional energy resources and the increasing environmental pressure, many countries in the world have re-strengthened their support for the development of new energy and renewable energy technologies. In 1973, the United States formulated a government-level solar power generation plan, and in 1980, photovoltaic power generation was officially included in public power planning, with a cumulative investment of more than $800 million. In 1992, the United States government issued a new plan to support the development of photovoltaic power generation, aiming to make the total output of solar power in the United States by 2000 to reach 1,400 megawatts, about 10 times the current total use of solar cells in the world. In the 1994 budget of the Clinton administration, the budget for photovoltaic power generation reached more than 78 million US dollars, an increase of 23.4% over 1993. Japan, Germany and other European Community countries and some developing countries have also formulated national development plans or plans, significantly increasing the investment in the development and utilization of new and renewable energy.