"Green" move mine -- A snapshot of ecological civilization construction in China's mining industry

The most beautiful April day in the world, the green waters and green mountains are fresh.

Today, the land of China, everywhere green mountains, green, mining industry is undergoing earth-shaking changes, garden, green mining area is overwhelmed, beautiful, a piece of historical mining left scars shake the body into a beautiful mining park or scenic spot, and the comprehensive utilization of resources and the continuous improvement of utilization efficiency, so that the road to green development more solid and stable. China's mining industry has stepped into the green as the keynote, science and technology as the forerunning road of high quality development.

The mine was full of green

Longnan in April, mountain flowers in full bloom, fragrant. Into the deep mountain Jinhui Mining Co., LTD., cherry blossoms in full bloom, rose fragrance, small bridge water, waterfall splash. Walking around the mining area, you can't hear the roar of traditional mining machinery, and you can't see the scars of the mountain and the dust of broken ore after mining, just like being in a forest park. This is a welcome change brought about by Jinhui Mining Co., LTD. 's green leadership, concept first, and dedication to creating "China's first green mine".

Green mine construction has both appearance level and connotation. It is understood that the company organized the development and design team in the early stage of construction, has been to a number of mining enterprises and equipment manufacturing enterprises at home and abroad to study, on the basis of learning from advanced experience, established the "ecological, environmental protection, safety, tourism, digital" green mine construction goals. At the beginning of the construction of the mine, they proposed: not only to change the mining development mode, but also to change people's view of the traditional mine;  In recent years, by practicing the concept of "green water and green mountains are gold and silver mountains", they have developed in protection and protection in development, and built a national green mine, and on this basis, successfully created a national 4A-level tourist attraction, sketched a beautiful picture of ecological civilization and industrial civilization. Out of a non-ferrous metal mining enterprises green construction and tourism integration of the road.

It is worth mentioning that the company has truly integrated the concept of green development into the whole process of mining development, and released an ESG report in the first year of listing. The report shows that in 2022, the company will continue to reduce the disturbance to the environment in production and operation, achieve zero waste water discharge and exhaust gas discharge standards, and strengthen energy use management through energy use monitoring, energy conservation and consumption reduction, fully improve energy utilization, and achieve sustainable development of resources. The company said that in 2023, it will adhere to the development of green mines as the core concept, further expand non-ferrous metal resource reserves, seize merger and acquisition opportunities, expand the resource chain, and increase scientific research and innovation efforts to build a world-class ecological, environmentally friendly, safe and intelligent green mine.

"Golden Badge mode" is only a microcosm of green mine construction in our country. From the idea of "clear water and green mountains are gold and silver mountains" put forward in 2005, to the development of green mining was first proposed in the China International Mining Conference in 2007; From the 2008 "National Mineral Resources Plan (2008-2015)" proposed to basically establish a green mine pattern, to the 2011~2014 years of 661 national green mine pilot units first trial, China's green mine construction in the exploration practice continues to move forward. In 2015, the CPC Central Committee and The State Council proposed the development of green mining and accelerated the construction of green mines in the Opinions on Accelerating the construction of Ecological Civilization, and in 2016, the Outline of the 13th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development pointed out that vigorously promote the construction of green mines and green mining development demonstration zones. And in 2016, The State Council approved the "National Mineral Resources Plan (2016-2020)" proposed to basically form a green mining development model of saving and efficient, environmentally friendly, and harmonious mine land, which marks the rise of green mine construction to the national strategy. Especially after the six national ministries and commissions jointly issued the "Opinions on Accelerating the implementation of green Mines" in 2017, China's green mine construction accelerated significantly, the green mine construction standards of nine major industries were released in 2018, green mine selection began in 2019, and the Ministry of Natural Resources issued the "Notice on the development of green mines" in 2022. China's green mines have entered a new stage of comprehensive promotion, quality and efficiency improvement.

Over the past 10 years, in the green mine construction, China has effectively promoted the green mine construction through a number of measures such as government-led, enterprise main, planning first, orderly promotion, typical driving, demonstration, comprehensive policy, and joint reinforcement, and gradually explored the formation of different characteristics of the experience and mode. There emerged a green mine construction model in the high cold region represented by Qinghai Duran Jinhui Mining, a green mine construction model of sand and aggregate represented by Huzhou Xinkaiyuan Gravel Co., LTD., a green mine construction model of mine land integration and ecological restoration integrated by Guangdong Shunxing Stone Yard. The green mine construction mode led by intelligent mining is represented by Hubei Sanning Mining, the green mine construction mode of unmanned and intelligent mining is represented by Luomou Group in open pit mining, and the intelligent green mine construction mode of the whole process of open pit mining is represented by the grand blasting project.

Through these years of exploration and practice, China's green mine construction has undergone a qualitative fission, and has achieved a fundamental transformation from "I want to build" to "I want to build", from "pilot exploration" to "comprehensive promotion", from "administrative promotion" to "standard guidance", from "enterprise self-discipline" to "social supervision", from "initiative guidance" to "incentive and constraint". Green mine and green mining have become a beautiful landscape in the construction of ecological civilization in our country.

Resource conservation is rich in connotation

For the construction of green mine, not only need the appearance level, to make the mine area into a beautiful park; More connotation is needed to build the mine into a typical of resource conservation and comprehensive utilization.

"The conservation and comprehensive utilization of mineral resources is the greatest protection of resources and the best care for the ecological environment." In March this year, the mineral resources development and utilization level survey and evaluation of the expansion of the pilot work and business training meeting held in Beijing, the head of the mining protection Department of the Ministry of Natural Resources said.

As we all know, improving the level of development and utilization of mineral resources and comprehensive utilization efficiency can reduce the amount of raw ore from the source and protect the ecological environment. This is also one of the reasons for green mines and an inevitable requirement for the high-quality development of the mining industry.

Over the years, the Ministry of Natural Resources has always put resource conservation in the first place, and has improved the level of resource conservation and comprehensive utilization by formulating the "three rates" index of mineral resources and releasing advanced and applicable technologies of mineral resources. In the process of building green mines, many mining enterprises rely on scientific and technological innovation, promote advanced equipment and technology, and achieve connotative development.

Relying on independent technology, Jinhui Mining Co., Ltd. puts "not only to change the mining development mode, but also to change people's views on traditional mines;  They adopted the upward slicing filling mining method, up to the domestic advanced level, can achieve selective mining, loss rate reduced to less than 8%, depletion rate reduced to less than 10%; The potential controlled flotation process of lead-zinc sulfide ore has effectively improved metal recovery and product quality, and the comprehensive recovery rates of lead, zinc and silver are up to 92.2%, 95.65% and 90.26%, respectively, which is in the leading level in China. The comprehensive utilization rate of tailings can reach 60%, reaching the advanced level in the industry, opening up a green mining development road that integrates mine production and construction with ecological environmental protection.

"The basic mineral situation of our country with poor mineral resource endowment conditions determines that we must take the innovative road of saving and comprehensive utilization." Only by continuously improving the comprehensive utilization level and efficiency of mineral resources, maximizing the use of resources, making good use of resources, and making full use of resources can we meet the requirements of high-quality development and ensure the security of the national economy." Industry analysts said.

In fact, in recent years, China has made remarkable achievements in the conservation and comprehensive utilization of mineral resources. Many mining enterprises in the green mine construction, to save resources as the goal, vigorously promote green environmental protection intelligent equipment, mineral resources utilization level and efficiency has been significantly improved, many indicators in the world's leading position, to achieve the appearance level and connotation of organic unity, not only improve the quality of green mine construction, but also build a solid foundation for high-quality development.

Duran Jinhui Mining in Qinghai Province in the process of green mine construction, relying on scientific and technological innovation, the "three rate" index of gold resources has been greatly improved, and economic benefits have been significantly improved. Zhang Qiyuan, the chairman of the board at that time, said deeply: "Jinhui Mining in the creation of green mines, through innovation driven, improve the comprehensive utilization level of resources, and create huge economic and ecological benefits for the mine, more than 80% of the annual benefits from the green mine construction."

Ecological restoration of the home

Ice elimination on the river shore grass green, three five five outing. Spring is a good time to go out in Henan Province, the suburb of Yongcheng Mangdangshan Geopark, the city in the city of Sun Moon Lake Park visitors, laughter.

As the only ancient bedrock exposed area in eastern Henan Province, Mangdangshan caused a large number of abandoned mines, cliffs and steep slopes due to the quarrying of mountains during the planned economy period, and the residual water left by mining was like a scar that hurt the hearts of local people. Yongcheng City gives full play to the main role of the government, and has invested nearly 100 million yuan in total to build the Mangdangshan Provincial geopark, turning the remaining mountains into clear waters and mountains, and transforming them into golden mountains and silver mountains through geological tourism. It is understood that through the construction of the scenic spot, it has won the honor of "Henan Province science Popularization Education Base" and "National 5A scenic spot", successfully held the 30th annual meeting of China Geopark, carried out the city's primary and secondary school students geological science research park activities, and received more than 1 million tourists.

Riyue Lake Park is another successful example of coal mining subsidence control in Yongcheng City. The exploitation of coal resources in Yongcheng City has not only promoted the rapid development of social economy, but also caused serious damage to geological environment. There are 267 natural villages affected by ground collapse caused by coal mining in Yongcheng City, and some villages are known as "villages in soup" because of the influence of coal mining collapse, grass is overgrown and sewage is everywhere. At the end of 2009, Yongcheng launched the demonstration project for the treatment of coal mining subsidence areas in the East and West urban areas (also known as the Riyue Lake Project), with an area of 24 square kilometers. The local government and the competent department of natural resources have innovated the model and implemented the channels of raising social funds with government funds: Through the financial funds of the former Ministry of Land and Resources of 386 million yuan, the provincial geological environment management fund of 91.33 million yuan, and the municipal financial fund of 863 million yuan, the capital of Yongcoal Group of 360 million yuan and social funds of 760 million yuan, to carry out geological environment management, and to create a high-end ecological leisure tourism area and modern service industry cluster area. Now, the Sun Moon Lake has become a good place for citizens to play and punch in.

From the Sun Moon Lake less than 100 kilometers to the east, is the national famous Pan 'an Lake. Pan 'an Lake is also a coal mine subsidence area. The natural resources authorities of Jiangsu Province and Xuzhou City have successfully created a scenic spot through the integration of mines and land and invested huge sums of money in management, realizing the purpose of reshaping the environment, beautiful ecology and increasing people's income.

There is also the Fenghuang Mountain in Xinxiang, Henan Province, which is located at the turning point of the Taihang Mountain from the northeast to the southwest. In the past, when the quarry industry was most prosperous, there were more than 100 quarries and more than 20,000 people working here, the sound of guns rumbling, the roar of machines, and the dust filled the sky. In 2000, all the quarrying enterprises shut down, at this time the Fenghuang Mountain is full of pits and holes, and the 3,000-meter-long vertical steep wall formed by quarrying is like a huge scar. Relying on financial funds, they carried out comprehensive management of the geological environment of mines, and gradually started afforestation projects on barren mountains and construction of ecological parks, and obtained the qualification for construction of national mining parks in 2010. Through the management, not only the hidden dangers of geological disasters have been eliminated, the damaged terrain and landform have been repaired, but also the abandoned mines of the past have become today's urban back gardens. Spring Phoenix mountain flowers luxuriant, flowers of birds. According to environmental monitoring station data, the average PM2.5 level in Fenghuang Mountain Park is only one-third of that in the urban area. Citizens come here to climb mountains and walk after work, and pheasants, hares and storks regard it as a paradise.

The injection of social capital has injected a strong impetus into the ecological restoration of mines.

As we all know, due to historical factors, China has a lot of historical debts in ecological protection and restoration, heavy restoration tasks, and large financial pressure, and the government's financial investment has always been limited, so it has been exploring ways out. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly proposed to build an environmental governance system with government as the lead, enterprises as the main body, social organizations and the public participating, especially after The General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Encouraging and Supporting Social Capital to participate in ecological protection and restoration, under the active promotion of the Ministry of Natural Resources, in recent years, many regions have also emerged a variety of modes of social capital to participate in ecological restoration.

The ecological restoration project carried out by Shandong Sishui Huifeng Agricultural Development Company in Houqiaqi village of Shengshuiyu Town in Sishui County is a successful example. It is understood that in the past, there was indiscriminate mining in the village of Shengshuiyu Town, and there were also large areas of abandoned mining areas, with pits and holes in the mining area, leaving tens of millions of tons of waste stone and tailings. The cultivated land and vegetation have been seriously damaged, the ecological environment is deteriorating, the soil erosion is serious, and the farmers' income has been damaged. In response to the call of the central government to "accelerate the construction of ecological civilization", the Sishui County government actively carried out governance actions. After Huifeng Agricultural Development Company entered, it actively carried out management actions, not only turned waste into treasure, but also produced huge economic benefits, and created a green road to repair abandoned mines.

The barren mountains and hills of the past have now become fields, and a picture of "ecological beauty, industrial prosperity, and people's wealth" is slowly unfolding. In the abandoned mine remediation site, China Mining Newspaper reporter saw that the original abandoned and stacked waste rock, tailings and other industrial solid waste, after iron removal, deep processing, transformed into high-quality sand aggregate; The hillsides that were once strewn with rubble were leveled and turned into fertile fields and orchards. The tailings pond, which used to be overrun with sewage and weeds, has become crystal clear, attracting geese and other migratory birds to roost.

More importantly, through the restoration and management of the ecological environment, it has not only effectively improved the local ecological environment, but also completely changed the local economic development situation, and realized precise poverty alleviation and ecological poverty alleviation. It is understood that after the village of Shengshuiyu Town is a national-level poor village, and now most people in the village have achieved employment at their doorstep. Today, the village has long since removed its poverty cap.

The Dabanqiao limestone mine ecological restoration project, located near Kunming airport, is also a success story. Due to the long history of mining and the open-pit mining method, Dabanqiao limestone mine has been riddled with holes and full of damage. The exposed mine, like a huge scar, is incompatible with the beautiful Spring City and the newly built Changshui International Airport. What is more worrying is that due to the long-term continuous mining of the mine, it has also induced many geological hazards, seriously threatening the life and property safety of the local people.