ABB REF545KC133AAAA protective relay



ABB REF545KC133AAAA protective relay

Product Overview

The ABB REF545KC133AAAA protection relay is a high-end comprehensive protection device launched by ABB for medium voltage distribution systems, designed to provide comprehensive protection, control, monitoring, and communication functions for power equipment with voltage levels of 6kV-35kV. This relay integrates advanced microprocessor technology and digital protection algorithms, and has the characteristics of flexible configuration of protection logic, high measurement accuracy, and strong anti-interference ability. It can quickly detect and accurately cut off faults in power equipment such as transformers, busbars, cables, and motors, while realizing real-time monitoring and data uploading of equipment operation status. It is a core component in intelligent distribution systems to ensure equipment safety and improve power supply reliability, and is widely used in industrial enterprise distribution stations, new energy power stations, rail transit power supply systems, and public distribution networks.

Core technical parameters

2.1 Basic Parameters

-Product model: REF545KC133AAAA

-Product type: microprocessor based comprehensive protection relay

-Applicable voltage level: 6kV~35kV (medium voltage distribution system)

-Installation method: Cabinet embedded installation (in accordance with IEC 60255 standard installation dimensions)

-Shell protection level: IP40 (front panel), IP20 (back panel), in compliance with IEC 60529 standard

-Working power supply: DC 220V/AC 220V (wide range input: 85V~265V AC/DC)

2.2 Protection Function Parameters

overcurrent protection

Setting range: 0.1In~20In; Action delay: adjustable from 0 to 60s

Includes three-stage protection for quick break, time limited quick break, and overcurrent, capable of handling short circuit and overload faults

differential protection

Differential current setting: 0.2In~10In; Braking coefficient: adjustable from 0.1 to 0.5

Used for internal fault protection of transformers, busbars and other equipment, with anti surge blocking function

voltage protection

Overvoltage: 105%~150% Un; Undervoltage: 50%~95% Un; Delay: 0~60s

Protect equipment from abnormal voltage fluctuations and configure voltage circuit disconnection detection

grounding protection

Zero sequence current setting: 0.05In~5In; Action mode: instantaneous/delayed

Suitable for low current grounding systems, capable of detecting single-phase grounding faults and issuing alarm or trip commands

Negative sequence protection

Negative sequence current setting: 0.05In~10In; Delay: 0~60s

To deal with equipment three-phase imbalance, phase failure, and reverse operation faults, protect motors and transformers

Non electricity protection

Supports 8 non battery inputs, response time ≤ 10ms

Connect non electrical signals such as temperature, pressure, and gas to achieve comprehensive protection of equipment such as transformers

2.3 Measurement and Control Parameters

-Measurement accuracy: ± 0.2 level for current and voltage; Power, electrical energy ± 0.5 level (compliant with IEC 61557 standard)

-Measurement quantities: three-phase current, three-phase voltage, zero sequence current, zero sequence voltage, active power, reactive power, power factor, frequency, electrical energy (positive and negative active/reactive)

-Control output: 8 relay outputs (capacity: AC 250V/5A, DC 220V/2A), supporting functions such as tripping, closing, and signal feedback

-Remote signaling input: 16 passive dry contact inputs, response time ≤ 1ms

-Data recording: capable of storing 100 fault waveform data (including waveforms and parameters) and 500 event records, with a recording accuracy of ≤ 1ms

2.4 Communication and Environmental Parameters

-Communication interface: 2 Ethernet ports (supporting IEC 61850, Modbus TCP), 1 RS485 interface (supporting Modbus RTU)

-Communication Protocol: Native support for IEC 61850 Ed.2.0, compatible with standard protocols such as Modbus and DL/T 645

-Working temperature range: -25 ℃~+70 ℃

-Storage temperature range: -40 ℃~+85 ℃

-Relative humidity: ≤ 95% (no condensation, at a temperature of 40 ℃)

-Anti electromagnetic interference: compliant with IEC 61000-4-2/-3/-4/-5 standards, with 4kV surge immunity capability

Structural features and installation requirements

3.1 Structural Design

This relay adopts a modular layered design, which is divided into an operation panel, a core control unit, a power module, an I/O module, and a communication module. Each module is independently packaged for easy maintenance and replacement. The front panel is equipped with a 3.5-inch color LCD display and 4 function buttons, supporting Chinese/English interface switching, which can intuitively display real-time measurement data, fault information, and protection settings; The backplane adopts a plug-in terminal design, which is convenient for wiring and reliable in contact. At the same time, it is equipped with independent power and signal circuits to avoid mutual interference. The internal integrated hardware watchdog circuit and software self diagnostic function can monitor the real-time operation status of the equipment and issue alarm signals in a timely manner when module failures occur.

3.2 Installation specifications

1. Before installation, it is necessary to verify that the relay model, applicable voltage level, and power parameters are consistent with the on-site requirements. Check that the housing and module are not damaged, and that the terminals are not oxidized or deformed.

2. Adopting embedded installation, the cabinet needs to reserve dimensions: width 144mm x height 144mm x depth 250mm. The center distance of the installation holes should meet the standard opening size, and the torque of the fixing bolts should be controlled between 2.5N · m and 3N · m.

3. Before wiring, the relevant power supply should be disconnected, and the voltage circuit should be connected to a fuse (1A~2A). Open circuits are strictly prohibited for the current circuit. When wiring, AC and DC circuits should be distinguished, and strong and weak current terminals should be connected separately to avoid cross interference.

4. The communication line should use shielded twisted pair cables, with the shielding layer grounded at one end and a distance of not less than 30cm from the power cable. If there is strong environmental interference, a signal lightning arrester should be installed.

5. The installation environment should be away from high temperature heat sources, strong magnetic fields, and corrosive gases. The cabinet should have good ventilation and heat dissipation conditions. When the ambient temperature exceeds 40 ℃, a cooling fan should be equipped.

Typical application scenarios

-Industrial enterprise distribution station: used for the protection and control of 6kV-35kV transformers, high-voltage motors, and busbars, achieving rapid fault removal and equipment status monitoring, ensuring the continuity of production electricity.

-New energy power station: In the booster station of photovoltaic and wind power stations, it serves as a protective device for the collection line and box transformer, and cooperates with the power station monitoring system to achieve data upload and remote control, meeting the requirements of grid connection standards.

-Rail Transit Power Supply System: Applied to the traction power supply system of subways and light rails, it protects medium voltage feeders and distribution transformers, has fast response capability, and adapts to the high reliability requirements of rail transit.

-Public distribution network: Installed in the ring main unit and branch box of the urban distribution network to achieve line fault location and isolation, and cooperate with the distribution network automation system to improve power supply recovery efficiency.

-Data center power supply system: provides protection for high-voltage distribution equipment in the data center, with high-precision measurement and energy statistics functions, meeting the requirements of data center for power supply reliability and energy consumption monitoring.

Debugging and maintenance

5.1 Debugging process

1. Pre power on inspection: Check the correct wiring of the power circuit, voltage circuit, and current circuit, conduct an insulation resistance test of ≥ 10M Ω (500V megohmmeter), and ensure that there are no short circuits or grounding faults.

2. Power debugging: Connect the working power supply, check that the panel indicator lights and display screen start normally, and verify that the output voltage of the power module is stable within ± 5% of the rated value.

3. Fixed value configuration: Based on the parameters of the protected object (such as transformer, line), configure the protection fixed value, time limit, and action logic through the panel or backend software. After the configuration is completed, perform fixed value verification.

4. Functional testing: Simulate fault conditions such as overcurrent, overvoltage, and grounding, check the accuracy of the protection device action, ensure that the trip outlet and signal output are normal, and that the fault recording data is complete.

5. Communication debugging: Configure communication parameters (IP address, protocol type), establish communication connection with the backend monitoring system, test telemetry, remote signaling, and remote control functions to be normal, and ensure real-time and accurate data transmission.

5.2 Daily maintenance and troubleshooting

routine maintenance

1. Regularly clean the dust on the panels and cabinets; 2. Check for loose or overheating wiring terminals; 3. Verify the protection setting and measurement accuracy; 4. Backup fault records and configuration files

1. Conduct a monthly appearance inspection and cleaning; 2. Tighten the terminals once every quarter; 3. Annual fixed value verification and accuracy testing; 4. Weekly data backup

power failure

The panel has no display and the power indicator light is not on

1. Check the input power supply voltage; 2. Test the output of the power module; 3. Replace the faulty power module

Protect and refuse to move

After the fault occurred, there was no action signal and no tripping occurred

1. Check if the protection setting configuration is correct; 2. Test whether the input signal is normal; 3. Verify the export relay and circuit

Communication interruption

The backend cannot receive data, remote control failed

1. Check the communication line connection; 2. Verify the communication parameter configuration; 3. Test the working status of the communication module and replace it if necessary

Abnormal measurement data

Large deviation or no display of current and voltage display

1. Check the wiring of the current/voltage circuit; 2. Verify the accuracy of the transformer; 3. Restart the device or reset to factory settings before reconfiguring

Precautions

-Before putting the relay into operation, all functional tests must be completed to ensure that the protection logic matches the on-site equipment. It is strictly prohibited to put it into operation without debugging.

-When modifying the protection settings, a "dual person monitoring" system must be implemented. After modification, the settings must be solidified and verified to prevent erroneous changes from causing protection failure.

-It is strictly prohibited to operate the current circuit in an open circuit, otherwise it may cause high voltage and endanger equipment and personal safety; Short circuits are strictly prohibited in the voltage circuit, and dedicated fuses must be installed.

-When performing maintenance or module replacement, it is necessary to first disconnect the working power supply and wait for the capacitor to discharge (about 5 minutes) before operating to avoid electric shock or module damage.

-The device software supports online upgrades, but power outages are strictly prohibited during the upgrade process. It is recommended to backup configuration files before upgrading to prevent data loss due to upgrade failure.