BANNER BES58-6 series incremental encoder selection and troubleshooting guide

Protection level: IP65. Can prevent dust and water spray, but not suitable for immersion. If there is oil mist or cutting fluid splashing on site, additional protective covers should be added.

Vibration and impact: Anti vibration of 100 m/s ² (10-200Hz), anti impact of 1000 m/s ² (6ms). If there is severe vibration in the equipment (such as a crusher), it is recommended to use a buffer installation bracket.

Installation steps and common errors

Axis alignment: The coaxiality deviation between the encoder shaft and the motor shaft should be less than 0.1mm, and the angle deviation should be less than 0.5 °. Excessive deviation can lead to seal ring wear and bearing abnormal noise.

Coupling selection: Special elastic couplings (spiral or diaphragm) must be used, and rigid connections are absolutely prohibited.

Cable fixation: The encoder tail cable should have a stress relief ring at the outlet. Cables should not withstand tension or repeated bending, otherwise the internal wires will break.

Avoid knocking: It is strictly prohibited to knock the encoder housing or shaft during installation, otherwise it may damage the internal precision encoder disc.

Signal output waveform and phase analysis: decoding channels A, B, and Z

The core output of an incremental encoder consists of two orthogonal square wave signals (A and B) and one zero position signal (Z). A correct understanding of these waveforms is a prerequisite for diagnosing signal problems.

Based on the waveform provided in the document, we have summarized the key parameters as follows:

Phase difference: The electrical angle phase difference between phase A and phase B is 90 ° (T/4). When the shaft rotates clockwise (as viewed from the extended end), phase A leads phase B by 90 °; If rotated counterclockwise, phase B leads phase A. The counter determines direction by detecting this phase difference.

Duty cycle: The high-level and low-level times of each signal should each be close to T/2. The allowable deviation given in the waveform diagram is: X ₁+X ₂=0.5T ± 0.1T, X ₂+X ∝=0.5T ± 0.1T. If the duty cycle deviates significantly, it may be due to dirt on the encoder or aging of the optoelectronic components.

Zero position signal width: The Z signal appears once per revolution, and its width TM=0.25T ± 0.1T (when the number of pulses per revolution is less than 2000); When the number of pulses is ≥ 2000, TM=0.5T ± 0.15T. The Z signal is used to determine the absolute zero point. If the Z signal is lost or the width is abnormal, it will cause inaccurate zeroing.

Using an oscilloscope to diagnose signal faults

Connect the oscilloscope probes to A, B, Z, and the common terminal (GND) respectively. After the power supply is normal, slowly rotate the axis and observe the waveform:

No signal: First check if the power supply (VCC and GND) is normal, and then check if the LED indicator light (if any) is on. If the power supply is normal but there is no output, it may be due to damage to the internal optoelectronic components.

A certain signal is always high or low: it may be due to the breakdown or open circuit of the output transistor of that channel. For open collector output, check the pull-up resistance.

Serious signal glitches: Common causes include ungrounded shielding layers or parallel wiring of cables and power lines. Twisted pair shielded cables should be used, and the shielding layer should be grounded at one end.

The phase difference is not 90 °: it is usually due to physical damage to the encoder or grating, and the encoder needs to be replaced.

Electrical Connection and Wiring Color Specification: Pin by Pin Diagram

The document provides a key wiring color chart, which is the only basis for on-site wiring. The pin definitions for different output models are different, and incorrect wiring may result in immediate damage.

6T (HTL differential) and 72T (TTL differential) wiring (6-wire differential)

Explanation of wire color signal

Positive pole of red VCC power supply (6T: 10-30V, 72T: 5V)

Black 0V power supply negative pole/public ground

Green A-phase positive signal

Powder A-A phase inverted signal

Yellow B phase positive signal

Blue B-B phase inverted signal

White Z zero position positive signal

Orange Z-Zero Inverted Signal

Screen (bare wire) GND (shield) connected to the ground on the controller side

6H (push-pull) and 6N (NPN) wiring (3 wires or less)

Note: Push pull and NPN typically only have three single ended signals: A, B, and Z (sometimes with reverse signals added, but not explicitly stated in the documentation). Simplified wiring color:

Red: VCC

Black: 0V

Green: A

Yellow: B

White: Z

Shielded wire: grounded for protection

Common wiring errors on site

Connecting the 5V encoder to a 24V power supply: caused the 72T to burn out. Be sure to verify the model suffix.

The differential signal is only connected to one wire: connect A+to the A terminal of the counter, with A - suspended. Differential receivers require both to recognize correctly, and suspension can lead to uncertain signal levels. Correct approach: A - should be connected to the A - terminal of the counter (or pulled down through a resistor).

Shielding layer incorrect grounding: Grounding both ends will generate ground current, introducing interference. The correct approach is to only connect the controller side to a single end ground.