How to treat industrial wastewater and domestic sewage

With the continuous improvement of the level of science and technology, the problem of sewage and waste water has become more and more serious, and environmental protection work has gradually paid attention to the treatment of sewage and waste water. Due to the shortage of water resources in some cities, the lack of appropriate sewage treatment programs has led to the pollution of scarce water resources, which has seriously affected the daily life of urban residents and industrial production. Facing the increasingly severe sewage treatment problems, the relevant departments must attach great importance to the scientific treatment of sewage.

1. Chemical treatment of wastewater and sewage

Industrial wastewater and domestic sewage are the inevitable products of social development, and the treatment effects obtained by different treatment methods will also be different. In real life, the use of chemical treatment to treat wastewater and sewage is very common. Chemical treatment method is the use of chemical reactions to treat pollutants in sewage and wastewater to separate various pollutants, so that the water quality can be restored to nature. For example, the use of chemical coagulation to add chemicals to sewage can effectively decompose suspended particles in water with a particle size of 1-10, and can effectively reduce the pH value of wastewater. Chemical treatment methods can be subdivided into different treatment processes. More mature applications currently include ozone treatment, precipitation and electrolysis. Chemical treatment is a very effective and convenient treatment method. At present, the research time of this treatment method in our country is relatively long, and the results are more obvious. In ordinary processing equipment, fast operation and automatic detection save time and energy, and can effectively improve the processing effect. In addition, chemical treatment methods can also eliminate highly toxic substances remaining in the water. Of course, this is mainly used for industrial wastewater. Compared with domestic sewage, industrial wastewater contains mercury and other heavy metals. Untreated discharge into the natural environment can lead to very serious consequences. At present, it is mainly treated by neutralization and precipitation.

2. Physical treatment of wastewater and sewage

The treatment principle of the physical treatment method is a variety of mechanical separation methods, including filtration, flotation and centrifugal separation. These physical therapy methods are now relatively common. Physical treatment methods are used to treat sewage and waste water. The chemical properties of the substances contained in the wastewater do not change during the treatment process, so there is a large difference between the sewage treatment results obtained under the chemical treatment method. There are many processing machines and equipment for physical treatment methods, centrifuges, aerators and air floats are widely used. The common components of domestic sewage are sludge, domestic garbage and so on. If domestic sewage is to be treated, water and solid matter must be separated. For example, a centrifuge is used to treat domestic sewage, which utilizes centrifugal movement. In order to effectively separate solid particles and liquids in sewage, and if two immiscible solutions with different densities are present in the emulsion, the centrifuge can also effectively separate the two liquids. Sludge dewatering machine can also effectively separate sludge and water. The physical treatment of sewage can effectively separate and extract different components in sewage.

The third method of sewage treatment

Taken literally, biological treatment is the use of microbial metabolism to harmlessly transform organic pollutants in sewage and wastewater. The advantage of this treatment method is that it has a better therapeutic effect compared to chemical and physical treatments. At present, the time of use of this method is short, and further research is needed. However, it will become the main treatment method for sewage and wastewater in the future. Way. This biological treatment method uses microorganisms to degrade wastewater and sewage, which is fully in line with current ecological and environmental protection concepts. There are many different ways to treat wastewater and sewage using this method. The more common methods are AB method, SBR method, natural biological treatment method and biofilm method. The AB process is also known as the two-stage activated sludge treatment. The method regards the sewage treatment plant as a sewage treatment system. The advantages of this method are strong impact resistance, strong loadability, no need to establish an initial sedimentation tank, up to 80% COD removal rate and 90% BOD5 removal rate.

3.SBR method is also known as batch activated sludge method

The method is to complete water intake, reaction, precipitation and discharge in the same pool in an idle sequence, and repeat the cycle at the same time. The advantage of this method is that it is already operated, can be regulated, has a high level of automation, and does not require the setting up of sludge recovery equipment. The biofilm method utilizes the large number of microorganisms present on the biofilm to continuously multiply, absorb and reduce the pollutant content in the sewage watershed. In addition, if the biofilm itself ages, it will follow the flow of sewage and eventually reach the sedimentation tank. The natural biological treatment method is a microorganism that grows in the natural environment and absorbs harmful substances in wastewater and sewage to complete the purpose of water purification. For example, if you put a lot of microbes in a pond, the sewage in the pond can be treated ecologically. The biological treatment of sewage and wastewater is currently under continuous research at home and abroad. With the continuous improvement of science and technology, the application prospect of this method will be inevitable.

4. Conclusion

In general, the treatment of sewage requires scientific ideas and advanced equipment. Through the study of all the current wastewater and sewage treatment methods, it can be found that whether chemical treatment, physical treatment or biological treatment, it is an effective combination of scientific and technological means and practice. The ultimate goal is to ensure the safety and security of water resources. To ensure the stable development of human normal life and the healthy and sustainable development of society. According to the actual environment and needs, appropriate treatment methods should be reasonably selected to reduce the impact of sewage and wastewater on the ecological environment as much as possible.