How to do mine ecological restoration?

The exploitation of mineral resources in China has been going on for a long time, and the geological environment problems left by the long-term high-intensity and large-scale mineral exploitation are almost all over the country, seriously affecting the regional ecosystem.

In order to actively promote the ecological restoration of mines and the construction of green mines, the Geological Environment Monitoring Institute of the China Geological Survey organized experts to carry out research on the planning of mine environmental governance and ecological restoration, and provide technical support and decision-making basis for the competent departments of natural resources to perform mine environmental supervision and management.

The contents of mine ecological restoration are extensive

The content of mine ecological restoration is extensive, involving comprehensive treatment of abandoned mines, production mine monitoring, technical standards development, policy system research and other all-round technical support and services.

In terms of ecological restoration of abandoned mines left over from history, it is necessary to consider the major needs of ecological civilization construction, industrial and agricultural production, urban development, implementation of major national projects, improvement of people's livelihood, poverty alleviation, and focus on ecological restoration of mines left over from history in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, resource-exhausted cities, old industrial bases, and important national ecological functional areas.

In terms of monitoring and supervision of production mines, on the one hand, ecological restoration investigation and monitoring of the whole process of mineral resource development based on production mines should be carried out, which mainly includes three aspects: First, it refers to the source prevention of mineral resource development. To ascertain the geological environment background conditions and ecological environment conditions of mineral resources, analyze the existing mine development situation and the mine environment problems, put forward regional preventive measures, and guide mine exploitation. The second is the process control of mineral resources development. In the process of mineral resources exploitation, tracking and monitoring the occurrence, development and change trend of mine environmental problems, and putting forward control measures. Third, it refers to the implementation of the management responsibility of mineral resources development. After the end of the exploitation of mineral resources, the environmental problems left by the mine are comprehensively analyzed and evaluated, and the remediation plan is put forward. On the other hand, it is necessary to strictly implement the mine geological environment protection and land reclamation plan and the mine geological environment restoration and management fund system, vigorously promote the construction of green mines, establish a binding mechanism for mining owners to fulfill their obligations, improve the dynamic monitoring and supervision system for the mine ecological environment, and supervise mining enterprises to fulfill their obligations.

Do a good job of technical support and service for mine ecological restoration:

First of all, the investigation and evaluation of mine ecological environment in key areas of the country should be carried out. Carefully deploy the investigation work, focus on typical mining areas, carry out detailed investigations for the purpose of ecological restoration, accurately find out the bottom number, distinguish the main body of responsibility for protection and restoration, clarify the specific content of protection and restoration, establish a national mine ecological protection and restoration ledger, and propose solutions for mine ecological restoration; Based on the latest survey data, the implementation plan for regional ecological protection and restoration of mines should be reasonably formulated, and the overall objectives, work priorities, main regions, restoration pilots, safeguard measures, etc. of mine ecological protection and restoration should be clarified to support the planning, implementation, supervision and management of mine ecological protection and restoration.

The second is to carry out the research of mining ecological protection and restoration technology and technical standards. We will revise and improve the technical standards for geological environment investigation, monitoring, evaluation and comprehensive treatment of mines that have been put on trial. Focus on the preparation of different kinds of mining ecological restoration related technical standards, mine ecological restoration acceptance norms and mine ecological restoration assessment index system and other series of technical standards. Focus on the theory of systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes and grasslands, carry out research on mining geological environment protection and reconstruction technology and practical technology of recycling of mining waste in the whole process of mineral resources exploration and development, and improve the level of mine geological environment prevention and control.