From sand and gravel plants to vegetable fields, abandoned mines "sell resources" to "sell scenery"

At the beginning of the New Year, the abandoned limestone mine in Xijiehe Village, Pu 'an County, Guizhou Province, was "changed". In November last year, through the implementation of a series of measures such as "site leveling + soil covering + soil fertilizer", the former gray crushed mine changed its face in less than two months.

Winter to spring! Soon, this place will come back to life and achieve "green butterfly transformation".

Guizhou Province is a province with large mineral resources and a long history of mining, with large area and wide coverage of historical mines. In 2022, Guizhou Province successfully applied for the ecological restoration demonstration project of historical abandoned mines in the Miaoling Mountains, receiving 300 million yuan of central subsidy funds. The project plans to complete the restoration and management of 17,000 mu of historical mines in southeast Guizhou and South Guizhou, and has been fully implemented; The provincial government arranged 50.9 million yuan of funds to restore 3,200 mu of historical mines, and actively explored market-oriented operations to improve the ecological restoration benefits of historical mines.

Figure out the numbers, planning leads the first

What are the historical mines, how many, where and how big are they? Guizhou Province from the bottom figure, in-depth verification.

Historical mines include abandoned mines left over from the planned economy period, abandoned mines whose responsible persons are lost or difficult to determine, and abandoned mines that are closed due to policy reasons such as withdrawal from protected areas or capacity reduction, and which are clearly assumed by the government to take the responsibility for governance and restoration when the government makes a decision to close.

"After clarifying the scope of the target, we have fully launched the inspection of historical mines!" Li Songlin, Ecological restoration Department of the Provincial Department of Natural Resources, introduced that in July 2021, the Ministry of Natural Resources issued more than 40,000 suspected map spots in Guizhou Province's historical mines, Guizhou Province immediately organized verification, issued work plans and technical regulations, set up special working groups and steering groups, arranged deployment and coordinated promotion in a timely manner, and confirmed that the province's unregulated historical mines have an area of more than 80,000 mu.

Planning leads first. In 2022, Guizhou Province issued the "14th Five-Year Plan" Action Plan for Ecological Restoration of Historical Mines in Guizhou Province, which defines the goals, tasks and implementation paths, guides all localities to carry out ecological restoration of historical mines in a scientific and orderly manner, and will effectively solve the problems of historic mines in key ecological functional areas by 2025, and significantly improve the natural environment of mining areas and surrounding areas. We will promote high-quality development in ecological protection and restoration.

In accordance with local conditions, the project is effective

Wujiang River to the north, came to Tongren City Sinan County, here is one of the important sand bases in the province.

Today, the abandoned sand and stone factory in Flowerpot village, Tangtou Town, has been reclaimed and planted with green vegetables.

From sand and gravel plants to vegetable fields, Chen Xianguo, secretary of the Party Committee and director of the Sinan County Natural Resources Bureau, said, "We aim at areas that can be restored to cultivated land, implement soil covering, make full use of restored cultivated land, and plant vegetables and sweet potatoes in combination with local conditions to improve the economic value of land."

"The Wujiang River is the largest tributary on the south bank of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. It flows through 13 of Sinan's 28 townships. We must protect Sinan's ecological background." Chen Xianguo said that for areas with poor natural restoration effect, the local implementation of greening projects, which species of trees have good effects, timely planting of trees, improve water sources, stabilize waste, and enhance ecological benefits.

There is no soil on the bald mountain, so we try our best to spread it up; When there are no trees, they encourage the local people to plant them. In Guizhou, there are many other cases like Sinan County that adapt to local conditions and overcome difficulties.

Qianxinan Anlong County Peak lime Factory site is a rare piece of flat land in the local, but the huge legacy mine needs to transport soil to supplement the soil cover, but the nearby transport of soil fertility is not enough, how to do?

"Such a flat land can not be wasted, fertilizer also need to restore this land!" From the engineering investigation and design to the implementation, we will think and plan and finally realize the soil fertilizer, increase the content of organic matter, and achieve the planting conditions.

In the restoration and management of historical mines, faced with the common problems of difficulty, high cost and long cycle, real money and silver are used at all levels, the will of the local people is fully respected, and the restoration and management of historical mines are carried out in accordance with the principle of "ploughing should be cultivated, making forest suitable and grass suitable", and the many "sequelae" brought about by abandoned mines are actively resolved.

We will innovate mechanisms and explore new models for regulatory operation

The pattern spots involved in the restoration of historical mines are numerous, dispersed, and difficult to supervise on the spot, which is a big problem to be solved.

"Through remote sensing monitoring, we have realized the 'intelligent' supervision of mine restoration data!" At the scene, the staff of the Ecological Restoration Department of the Provincial Department of Natural Resources demonstrated the login of Guizhou Province's territorial ecological restoration - mine ecological restoration supervision platform, relying on high-definition remote sensing images as the base map, to achieve unified, standardized and shared supervision and management of mine ecological restoration.

At present, Guizhou Province uses big data means of "sky observation, ground inspection, staring at management, online management" and "Internet + remote sensing" to monitor the restoration and management of mines. The remote sensing monitoring mode of the whole life cycle of mine geological environment restoration and treatment is adopted, and the surface changes in the target area are extracted by using multi-source and multi-phase remote sensing images to verify the mine restoration and treatment.

At the same time, the establishment of a spot check mechanism, the adoption of conventional and regular remote sensing monitoring, the establishment of a spatio-temporal database to monitor mine restoration, better traceability and supervision of mine restoration and management, to ensure the effectiveness of mine restoration.

"By using remote sensing first and then on-site, we have greatly improved the efficiency of monitoring and supervision, and ensured the effectiveness of mine restoration." Li Songlin said.

In order to speed up the ecological restoration of mines and focus on solving the outstanding problems of mine ecological problems such as excessive historical debts, realistic contradictions, and insufficient investment, combined with the actual situation of Guizhou, in 2020, the provincial Department of Natural Resources issued the Implementation Measures for Guizhou Province to Explore the Use of Market-oriented Ways to Promote the ecological restoration of Mines, exploring the modes of cooperation between the government and social capital and independent investment of social capital. Attract social capital to participate in mine ecological restoration. For example, the Wanshan District of Tongren City uses the landscape resources of industrial relics to realize the new model of "Wanshan mercury mine", which changes from "selling resources" to "selling scenery".

Mine ecological restoration is an important work in the construction of ecological civilization. Guizhou is wielding the pen of green, accelerating ecological restoration and increasing efficiency, ushering in new changes in green development, and historic mines will completely become "history".