Build a national data element circulation data infrastructure for the large market of national unified data elements

01 Overview

(1) Data infrastructure has become a new foundation for economic and social development

First, the construction of new data infrastructure is imminent. With the rapid development of the digital economy, data has become an important factor of production, and the demand for data resource aggregation, sharing, circulation and application is increasing rapidly, and the requirements for storage, computing, network and security are also getting higher and higher. Traditional infrastructure can no longer meet the requirements, and the construction of new data infrastructure has become an inevitable requirement for economic and social development. Second, the new data infrastructure is designed to support digital development. In a broad sense, the new data infrastructure is an institutional system and system facilities with the goal of supporting digital development, mining data value and ensuring data security as the basic point, and realizing the collection, aggregation, transmission, storage, processing, development and application of data elements as the main content (as shown in Figure 1). In a narrow sense, the new data infrastructure refers to various hardware facilities and software platforms that support the circulation of data elements. Third, the new data infrastructure should have "five high" characteristics. In order to give full play to the role of data productivity, the new data infrastructure should have the characteristics of "high storage, high computing power, high transport capacity, high security, and high energy efficiency".

(2) Survival has become a new scale for the construction of new data infrastructure

First, retention represents a comprehensive performance with data storage as the core. Storage capacity (1) is the storage capacity of data, which is the core of storage capacity, including performance, reliability, green and low-carbon comprehensive ability. With the support of survival, collaborative computing power "calculates fast" and the network "transmits steadily", data infrastructure can give full play to the dividend of data elements and enable the high-quality development of the digital economy. Second, the all-flash data center has become a typical representative of "high memory". All-flash data center is a new type of data infrastructure based on advanced flash storage media, high-performance Ethernet storage network, data disaster recovery and other technologies, which gathers high-quality storage resources, combines green and low-carbon technologies, builds high-speed network transmission, integrates multi-dimensional data protection, and provides multiple, efficient, safe and green storage services. The all-flash data center has the characteristics of media flash storage, network IP, three-dimensional data protection, storage and computing decoupling, intelligent management, etc., and can carry the high-value data of thousands of industries, providing a key driving force for the construction and development of the data element market.

02 Development status

The construction of new data infrastructure in China is developing rapidly

1. Strategic planning and layout to guide the construction of data infrastructure

In March 2020, the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee clearly proposed to "accelerate the construction of new infrastructure such as 5G networks and data centers." The "14th Five-Year Plan" Big Data Industry Development Plan, the Implementation Plan of the National Integrated Big Data Center Collaborative Innovation System Computing Hub, and the Three-year Action Plan for the Development of New Data Centers (2021-2023) clearly propose to speed up the construction of the national integrated big data center system, and build a number of national hub nodes and big data center clusters. And accelerate the construction of new data centers.

2. Strengthen independent innovation to ensure the security of core technology supply chain

First, the ability of independent research and development of basic software has been greatly improved. For example, Huawei Open Euler operating system, Hongmeng operating system, Alibaba Cloud database RDS and other domestic basic software have been launched, and independent research and development capabilities have continued to increase. Second, the independent supply of core chips continues to strengthen. Such as chip design, manufacturing, packaging, testing and other whole process technology supply capacity continues to improve, according to statistics, China's computing chips, memory chips and other core chip self-sufficiency rate has been close to 5%.

3. Accelerate the construction layout and improve the supply capacity of data resources

First, the trend of large-scale and intensive data center construction is obvious. For example, large data centers show a rapid growth trend, accounting for more than 80% of data centers. Second, the number of government data open platforms has surged, and the data supply has increased rapidly. According to statistics, the number of open government data platforms increased from 3 in 2012 to 193 in 2021, an increase of 63 times. Third, communication technology continues to innovate, leading the world in data transmission capacity. Communication technologies represented by 5G and 6G are developing rapidly, the construction and deployment of all-optical networks and IPv6 are accelerating, and optical fiber and mobile broadband networks are leading the world.

4. Rapid improvement, broad prospects for development and application

First, investment has increased rapidly and maintained a rapid growth trend. It is estimated that the growth rate of China's saving investment from 2017 to 2019 is as high as 45.4%, far exceeding the growth rate of saving investment in developed countries such as the United Kingdom and the United States of 18.5% and 3%. Second, the adequacy of China's storage power has gradually increased, reaching 8.9%, indicating that the proportion of data that can be stored in the data set that is created, collected or copied in China has reached 8.9%, which can better support the high-quality development of the digital economy. Third, the rapid development of full flash storage. From the perspective of market size, IDC data shows that in 2021, China's full flash storage market share accounted for 19%, and maintained a rapid growth level of 26%.

03 Development Path

According to the new data infrastructure construction idea of "focusing on the point, bringing the line with the point, promoting the surface with the line", the data infrastructure construction of various industries, fields and regions will be promoted in stages.

1. The first stage: strong capacity to promote the transformation and upgrading of key node all-flash data centers

Combined with the specific application scenarios, starting from the construction of a single data center, transformation and upgrading are carried out in accordance with the construction requirements of all-flash data centers, and the proportion of all-flash in new data infrastructure is increased, and the overall storage level of China's data infrastructure equipment is effectively improved.

The first is to mark the five characteristics of all-flash data centers and promote the upgrading of traditional data centers. Medium flash storage (also known as "silicon advance magnetic retreat"), the use of flash hard disk (SSD) to gradually replace mechanical hard disk (HDD), "fourteen five" period should achieve flash memory ratio of more than 50%; Network IP, promote all-flash data center high-performance Ethernet storage network, gradually realize all-IP network, increase bandwidth, improve protocol conversion efficiency, improve overall performance by more than 35%, save operation and maintenance costs; Data protection is multidimensional, improving data disaster recovery capability for core data and important data in terms of data disaster recovery speed, recovery speed, copy usage frequency, disaster recovery data scope, disaster recovery level, and retention time. Storage and computing decoupling, that is, using the storage and computing decoupling architecture, through application transformation, to achieve data resource sharing of multiple computing facilities and efficient utilization of storage facilities, avoid large-scale data redundancy to occupy storage space, and improve comprehensive data management capabilities; Intelligent management, the use of AI, automation and other technologies to achieve the autonomous operation and maintenance of data center equipment, reducing operation and maintenance costs. Reduce data center energy consumption through unified resource scheduling, efficient provisioning and recycling.

In accordance with the above five standards, promote key industries such as government departments at all levels, financial industry, health care, manufacturing industry, and communications industry to take the lead in realizing the advanced deployment of full flash storage technology, while speeding up the process of flash storage of traditional mechanical hard disk, promoting the transformation and upgrading of the stock "scattered small and old" data centers in different batches, and creating all-flash data center model projects.

The second is to take the construction of national data infrastructure hub nodes as an opportunity to improve the coverage of all-flash data centers. Optimize the layout of data infrastructure construction, take the national integrated big data center and the construction of the "East data and West calculation" project as an opportunity to increase the proportion of data infrastructure construction with full flash data centers as nodes, and the flash memory ratio of new data centers should exceed 70%; Improve the memory level, promote the key node data infrastructure memory level to single cluster PB level, storage performance to μs level delay; Promote all-IP storage network, actively promote high-performance Ethernet storage network, streamline the operating system protocol stack, achieve faster throughput bandwidth and lower latency, intelligent operation and maintenance management; Establish and improve the disaster recovery system, expand disaster recovery coverage, upgrade data disaster recovery level, and realize local active-active/active-passive disaster recovery, remote 3DC, and cloud data protection. Promote green "zero carbon" development, use flash storage media, storage and computing decoupling data sharing and intelligent management and other technologies and means to gradually promote the green and energy-saving development of data centers with the advantages of high quality and high utilization of storage resources; Establish and improve the standard and specification system for data infrastructure, accelerate the formulation and promotion of common and key technical standards for data infrastructure, and improve standards for data sharing, network security, testing and evaluation related to data infrastructure.

2. The second stage: facilitate circulation and promote linear connectivity of data infrastructure in key industries and key regions

In response to emerging business needs such as the development and utilization of public data and data transaction circulation in key industries and key regions, the construction of data infrastructure such as the development and utilization environment and data transaction circulation platform will be promoted, the overall capacity of data infrastructure will be continuously improved, and the development of data element market will be strongly supported.

First, promote the effective integration of data infrastructure from decentralized nodes to centralized integration. Driven by the demand for data factor market construction, the data infrastructure construction of thousands of lines and industries is promoted from a "single node" to the convergence of key industries and key regions, and the situation of "each fighting for itself" of data infrastructure is broken. On the one hand, on the basis of the construction of a national unified data platform, a data sharing and exchange mechanism covering government departments at all levels can be established to smooth cross-regional and cross-departmental data exchange channels. On the other hand, we can make full use of the opportunity of data element trading circulation market construction to establish an integrated and intelligent public data space.

Second, accelerate the integration of various data infrastructure industry chains and innovation chains in the data factor market. To "deploy the innovation chain around the industrial chain, layout the industrial chain around the innovation chain" as a breakthrough, accelerate the new data infrastructure industry layout represented by the "all-flash data center", and promote China's new data infrastructure industry to the middle and high-end of the global value chain.

Third, strengthen the security of critical data infrastructure. Establish and improve new data infrastructure supervision and management systems and mechanisms such as national data infrastructure hub nodes and public data Spaces in related industries and fields; Improve the security technology capability system, organize the implementation of technical measures such as network security protection, data security protection, monitoring, early warning and emergency response of key data infrastructure in the industry, and improve the security monitoring and incident handling capacity of data infrastructure; We will strengthen industrial support for data infrastructure security.

3. The third stage: Great integration, the construction of "point, line and surface" three-dimensional grid data infrastructure system

To deepen the market-oriented allocation reform of data factors as the core, optimize the layout of data infrastructure construction, promote the intensive and integrated development of data infrastructure to the national scale, and build a three-dimensional grid development pattern of "point, line and surface", is of great significance for deepening the coordination between government and enterprise, industry and regional coordination, and comprehensively supporting the development of data factors market and digital economy.

The first is to build a national data element circulation data infrastructure for the large market of national unified data elements. We will fully deploy next-generation communications network infrastructure to strengthen the foundation of the Internet of Everything. Promote integrated grid data infrastructure projects with all-flash data centers, artificial intelligence infrastructure and other connectivity as the core, and consolidate the foundation of digital economy development; We will actively develop efficient and coordinated integrated data infrastructure focusing on the industrial Internet, the Internet of vehicles, and new urban infrastructure, and create new engines for the digital development of the economy and society.

The second is to establish a national unified, high-quality data infrastructure. Deepen energy conservation, emission reduction and green development, accelerate the decommissioning of old facilities, encourage energy-saving upgrading of low-energy and energy-efficient equipment, and help implement the vision of "carbon peak, carbon neutrality"; Strengthen core technology research and development and innovation breakthroughs, and strive to solve the problem of "stuck neck" in the fields of core components and operating systems; We will strengthen cross-regional and cross-industry coordination, improve regional strategic coordination, integrated market development and regional cooperation and mutual assistance mechanisms, and promote the joint construction and sharing of integrated data infrastructure across the country.

Third, it is necessary to be demand-oriented and improve the market-oriented use of data infrastructure. Data infrastructure has played an important role in many industries, especially in intelligent production and trading, intelligent data lake, intelligent edge and other application scenarios, and has been widely used. In the future, with the construction and development of national integrated data infrastructure, the application scenarios and scope of data infrastructure will continue to expand, and will continue to penetrate into all aspects of our production and life, truly becoming the "highway" in the virtual network in the era of digital economy.