To realize coordinated and sustainable development of mine ecology and economy

In recent years, the scale of China's building materials industry has been continuously expanded, the structure has been gradually optimized, and the ability of innovation, green and sustainable development has been significantly enhanced, which has played a positive role in economic and social development and the improvement of people's livelihood. Among them, the sand and stone industry as the main building materials industry, the development is particularly rapid.

In recent years, the scale and concentration of sand and gravel mines have been improved, but the number of super-large and medium-sized sand and gravel mines is still small, accounting for only 5% of all sand and gravel mines, and scale and modernization still need time; For the strict requirements of the ecological environment, whether to choose to shut down all simple measures, or to make great efforts to renovate and upgrade, the wavering of the local government, so that some large and medium-sized sand mining projects that originally met the requirements were shelved, but also further intensified the contradiction between supply and demand, increasing the difficulty of integration.

During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, the development of the mechanical sand industry has made great progress, accounting for nearly 70% of the total amount of sand for construction, but the rapid development of the industry has exposed many problems. Small mines account for the vast majority of China's small mines, but there are problems of insufficient cost input and low enthusiasm for environmental protection measures. At present, the industry in the production, management, environmental protection, ecological sustainability and other aspects of serious polarization, some enterprises production mechanization, automation degree is not high, environmental protection measures are not in place, not enough attention to the coordinated sustainable development of mining ecology and economy. On the other hand, the structural adjustment of the sand and gravel industry is accelerated, but the industrial concentration is still low, the level of green development of the industry is low, the level of intensification and modernization is not high, the overall investment in mine reclamation and ecological restoration and greening is not high, a large part of enterprises still have the problem of dust and wastewater unorganized discharge, and the efficient use of low-carbon energy is not enough attention. And the urgent need to strengthen the control of fixed source and mobile source pollution emission problems. Overall, there is still a big gap between the industry to achieve high-quality development and meet the overall requirements of national green and low-carbon development.

In order to solve the outstanding problems of mine ecological restoration such as excessive historical debts, realistic contradictions, and insufficient investment, on December 17, 2019, the Ministry of Natural Resources issued the Opinions on Exploring the Use of Market-oriented Ways to Promote Mine ecological restoration. At the same time, in order to improve the high-quality development of the sand and gravel industry, on November 11, 2019, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Natural Resources, the Ministry of Ecological Environment and other ten departments jointly issued the "Several Opinions on Promoting the High-quality Development of the Mechanism sand Industry", which put forward specific development goals for the mechanism sand and gravel industry. It is clear that the sand and gravel enterprises should adhere to the green and low-carbon circular development and build green mines in accordance with the relevant specifications. Strive to form a more perfect and reasonable mechanism sand supply guarantee system by 2025; Cultivate more than 100 intelligent, green, high-quality, well-managed enterprises. Opinions issued in a timely manner, and further accelerate the promotion of China's non-metallic sand mining industry to high-quality development. On June 28, 2019, the Green Mine Environmental Protection Professional Committee of the International Ecological Economy Association, led by academicians Hao Jiming, Chen Yong and Wang Jinnan of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and Counsellors Jiang Minglin and Zhang Hongtao of The State Council, issued China's first "National Green Mine Environmental Protection and High-quality Development of non-metallic sand and gravel industry Demonstration Standard Construction Guide". It also provides an example for industry norms and high-quality demonstration construction.

In order to better play the incentive role of mine ecological restoration, promote the high-quality development of social economy while protecting the green water and green mountains, the integration and improvement of abandoned mines should be the first choice, and the construction should be carried out according to the national green mine high quality standards to realize the efficient use of resources. The integrated ecological restoration of mines should follow the following principles: First, green mining, comprehensive recycling of resources and zero emissions. The second is the combination of dynamic greening, ecological restoration and environmental re-cultivation to build a garden-style mining area. The third is to realize the precise management of the utilization of geological mineral resources and reserves by technology automation and management informatization. The fourth is to restore the green type, according to the management model of appropriate farming, appropriate tillage, appropriate landscape, to achieve land intensification, production-city linkage. Local governments will better fulfill their environmental and social responsibilities, and make greater efforts in resource development, ecological restoration, land use, and urban function enhancement.