Current situation of new energy development and wind power generation in China

2. Development status of domestic new energy industry

Globally, the new energy industry is on the rise, which is the general trend. The concept of low carbon environmental protection and preventing global warming has become the mainstream idea of the world, and the development of new energy industry is the main means to achieve this goal. China's vigorous development of the new energy industry has become the highest priority of the national strategy, not only because of the pressure of international public opinion, but also the result of China's initiative to change. The country's commitment to achieving carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060 is unquestionable. Vigorously developing the new energy industry is not only the actual need to prevent global warming, but also a great opportunity for China to achieve a curve overtaking traditional developed countries.

New energy power generation is the trend of The Times, and its development prospects are self-evident under the historical wave of global energy structure transformation. In recent years, China has also continuously introduced various policies, spare no effort to support the development of new energy power generation industry. According to China's "double carbon goal", by 2060, the proportion of non-petrochemical energy consumption will account for more than 80%. In other words, in the future, wind, light and other new energy generation to account for more than 50% of the total power generation.

2.1 Current situation and trend of China's new energy power generation industry

The new energy power generation industry mainly includes wind power, solar photovoltaic power generation, hydropower, nuclear power and so on. In the context of the increasingly tight supply of traditional energy and the increasing pressure on environmental protection, the Electronic Information Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology released a news on February 15 that the total export of photovoltaic products in 2021 in China exceeded 28.4 billion US dollars, an increase of 43.8% compared with the total export of about 19.75 billion US dollars in 2020. New energy has become an important energy strategy in China.

In the hydropower industry, by the end of 2021, China's total installed hydropower capacity was about 391GW, accounting for about 16.4% of the country's total installed power generation capacity, and 23.49GW was added. China has four of the top ten hydropower stations in the world, and the world's largest installed hydropower capacity.

In the nuclear power industry, China's nuclear power installation level has long lagged behind developed countries, but now it is catching up. China's third-generation nuclear power plant Hualong One began to go abroad and enter the world market. It is expected that by 2035, the proportion of nuclear power generation in China's total power generation could rise to about 10%. At present, China's installed capacity of wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation, hydropower generation has ranked first in the world, wind and optical products are the world's largest exporter, nuclear power installed capacity may surpass the United States around 2030, becoming the world's largest nuclear power country. According to the national plan, by 2060, the proportion of new energy generation will reach about 80%, to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality. This is a big and exciting plan.

2.2 China's power structure in 2022

From the perspective of power generation structure, the national wind power generation from January to April 2022 will be 226.47 billion KWH, accounting for 8.70%; Nuclear power generation was 131.65 billion KWH, accounting for 5.06%; Thermal power generation was 1,863.47 billion KWH, accounting for 71.59%; The hydropower generation was 313 billion KWH, accounting for 12.02%; Solar power generation was 68.32 billion KWH, accounting for 2.62%.

Or to traditional thermal power generation, the combined proportion of the two as high as 71.59%. The proportion of new energy generation (mainly wind power, hydroelectric power, nuclear power, photovoltaic power generation) is very low, wind power, hydroelectric power, nuclear power, solar power combined account for less than 30%. From this point of view, new energy generation still has a long way to go. However, from the perspective of development growth, the development speed of new energy power generation is faster than thermal power generation. Combined with China's "double carbon goal", looking forward to the future, we can roughly see the development prospects of the above five power generation methods.

Although thermal power generation is now the main force, because it is mainly burning coal for power generation, it is one of the main sources of carbon dioxide emissions. In the context of carbon neutrality, it is expected that there is little room for growth in the future. Although hydropower generation does not directly cause pollution, it has always been controversial because of its high requirements on terrain and damage to ecosystems. Nuclear power, like water and electricity, although there is no carbon emission problem, but nuclear waste and nuclear pollution have been the two major problems in the world, in addition, the safety of nuclear power is not negligible, so our country is also cautious about the development of nuclear power; Wind power and solar power generation is not the same, these two power generation methods are clean, renewable, and there is no "fatal" shortcomings, but also the current power generation project that China strongly supports. In the long term, the development prospects of wind power and photovoltaic power generation are very impressive.