Summary and consideration of the research status of green mine construction in China

Since the green mine was proposed in 2007, it has defined the construction conditions, construction objectives, standards, norms, policies and measures, etc., and the green mine construction has gradually realized the transformation from pilot exploration to comprehensive promotion, and from administrative promotion to standard guidance. In the future, with the increasing needs of the people for a beautiful ecological environment, the construction of ecological civilization will be promoted with greater efforts, the green development of mining industry will become an inevitable trend, and the construction of green mines by mining enterprises will become an inevitable choice. However, because the green mine construction involves a wide range of professional fields and many management departments, the green mine construction evaluation standard system, the management system of third-party evaluation institutions, and incentive policies and measures have yet to be established, improved and perfected in further practice and exploration.

2.2 Results of green mine construction

After more than ten years of exploration and practice, China's green mine construction has become an important starting point to change the mining development mode, enhance the overall image of the mining industry, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of the mining industry, and all localities have actively promoted it, greatly improved the policy standard system, and highlighted the construction results.

2.2.1 The green mine management policy system has been gradually formed

Since the approval and implementation of the National Mineral Resources Plan (2016-2020), all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) have clarified the green development goals and requirements of the mining industry in their respective provincial mineral resources plans. After the issuance of Document No. 4, in addition to Tianjin and Shanghai, 29 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) issued green mine construction work programs or plans jointly drafted by a number of departments in order to refine the implementation of green mine construction requirements. In addition, some provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) have taken green mines as key work in the field of mineral resources management, introduced local regulations or normative documents to promote construction, or promoted green mine construction as a key task in relevant documents. The green mine construction management policy system has gradually taken shape, providing a strong organizational guarantee for the green mine construction work.

2.2.2 The standard system of green mine construction has been gradually improved

After the release of 9 national industry standards such as the Code for the Construction of Green Mines in the non-metallic mining Industry, all localities actively study and formulate local standards in combination with local realities, or quantify evaluation indicators and establish evaluation methods on the basis of the 9 standards, providing a standard basis in line with local realities for the construction and management of green mines.

2.2.3 The emergence of advanced models drives regional green development

Under the guidance of policies and standards, the construction of green mines in various places has achieved remarkable results. The direct effect is to build a number of advanced green mine models with a very demonstrative role throughout the country. For example, vigorously carry out the technological innovation of mining and selection process, penetrate the "green" into the recycling of resources, technological innovation, energy saving and emission reduction, environmental protection and other aspects, and build a garden mine in the northwest desert Gobi of Qinghai Duran Jinhui Mining; At the beginning of the construction of the mine, high standards of construction, relying on strong scientific and technological support and advanced design concepts, explore the development of "mining area scenic spot, industrial ecology", and build a new green mine "not like a mine more like a park", Gansu Jinhui Mining Guojiagou lead-zinc mine. For mining enterprises, the most significant effect is the improvement of economic benefits. For example, eight iron and steel groups in Chengde County, Hebei Province, through scientific and technological innovation, transformation and use of advanced equipment and process technology, improve resource utilization efficiency, achieve a substantial increase in production capacity, reduce energy consumption level, and save 30% of electricity and 17% of water compared with the upgrading and transformation before. The final cost per ton of iron powder is reduced by 86 yuan. The continuous promotion of green mine construction has forced the survival of the fittest, transformation and upgrading of the mining industry, and led to regional green development. For example, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, through carrying out the construction of green mines in the whole area, the number of mines has been closed from more than 1,000 to the existing 47 green mines, of which 24 have been included in the national green Mine list. Huzhou City all open pit mining recovery rate reached 100%, the comprehensive utilization rate reached more than 99%, completely eradicated the "small scattered" problem, through dust suppression, energy saving, emission reduction, changed the "dirty" "dust" "water pollution" the old face. Through multiple planning integration and policy innovation in mineral resources, land and other aspects, the relationship between mineral resources development, land reclamation and follow-up industry development is planned in advance, and the efficient, full and reasonable utilization of mineral resources and land resources is realized, which promotes the development of green economy in Huzhou City.